Spatio-temporal Evolution And Driving Factors Of Water Footprint Of Agricultural Products Consumption Of Urban And Rural Residents In China

Water is a basic resource for human survival and development,which is not only closely related to people's lives,but also a strategic resource to support economic development.Water resource crisis has become an important issue all over the world in the context of acceleration of global economic development and resource exploitation.Agriculture providing basic data for human production services is the most water-intensive part of the three major industries.With China's urbanization rate from 13.6%in 1990 to 2011 reached 51.27%,which broke through 50%for the first time,the urbanization rate is predicted to be as high as 81.63%by 2050 according to the report of the development and development research center of the state council,which will pose challenges to the issue of water resources,water resources shortage will become an important hidden factor restricting sustainable economic development in the future.Therefore,under the background of urbanization,quantitatively calculating the water consumption of agricultural products of urban residents and rural residents is the research basis for analyzing the impact of human activities on water resources system,which is conducive to adjusting the consumption structure of water resources and realizing the sustainable development of water resources.This study uses the China statistical yearbook to sort out the data of per capita consumption and population,using the data to analyze the changes of agricultural product consumption water footprint of urban residents and rural residents from 1990 to 2015(every five years).At the same time,the distribution and evolution of water footprint of agricultural products consumption of urban residents and rural residents in different regions were studied.On this basis,the structural decomposition method was used to explore the driving factors for the rise of residents'overall water footprint.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)In terms of the time trend of the evolution of the water footprint,the water footprint of Chinese residents'consumption of agricultural products is on the whole increasing,among which the water footprint of urban residents'consumption of agricultural products is on the rise and that of rural residents is on the decline.On the whole,the water footprint of agricultural products consumption of rural residents shows a trend of continuous decline,from 362.91 billion m~3 in 1990 to 272.73 billion m~3 in2015.The water footprint of urban residents shows a rising trend,with the total water footprint increasing from 129.80 billion m~3 in 1990 to 378.44 billion m~3 in 2015.(2)In terms of the spatial distribution of water footprint,the water footprint of agricultural products consumed by urban residents in sichuan,guangdong and shandong in 1990 was the highest,and that of agricultural products consumed by urban residents in guangdong,jiangsu and shandong in 2015 was the highest.In 1990,the water footprint of agricultural products consumption of rural residents in Beijing,tianjin and hebei was the largest.In 2015,these three regions still had the largest water footprint.Therefore,these areas should become the areas that adjust water consumption system in an orderly way.(3)In terms of the driving factors of water footprint,the urban population size,urban consumption structure and rural consumption structure were the main reasons for the increase of water footprint of agricultural products consumption of residents in each period from 1990 to 2015,among which the driving effect of urban population size was the most obvious.From 1990 to 2015,the urban population size led to a cumulative increase of the total water footprint of 203.25 billion m~3,and the urban residents'consumption structure also played a positive role in driving the water footprint,bringing a cumulative increase of the total water footprint of 35.01 billion m~3.Under the background of urbanization development strategy,the trend of population,resources and capital gathering in urban areas will be more obvious,and the water resource crisis will be further highlighted.Based on the above objective analysis and combined with the water footprint theory,this study puts forward the following Suggestions:(1)adjust the food consumption structure;(2)reduce food waste;(3)adopting new technologies in agricultural production;(4)establish a reasonable virtual water trade system.