Distribution Characteristics And Landscape Application Of Tree Peony In Different Periods Of Tang Dynasty

Tree peony,one of the ten famous traditional flowers in China,has been widely used as an ornamental plant in traditional gardens since the Tang Dynasty.Taking distribution characteristics of tree peony in different periods of the Tang Dynasty as the main clue,this study sorts out the appearances of tree peony in traditional gardens,and discusses the application of tree peony in traditional gardens including in royal gardens,private gardens and temple gardens through collecting a large number of related literature such as poems,legendary notes,paintings about tree peony and so on.This paper mainly discusses two aspects: Firstly,the distribution of tree peony in the Tang Dynasty is analyzed,especially the cultivation and development of ornamental peony in four different periods of the Tang Dynasty.Secondly,the application of tree peony in traditional gardens is summarized.The main conclusions were as follows:1.In the early Tang Dynasty,influenced by political factors,the planting of tree peony began to transit from temple garden to Royal gardens,and the tree peony was mainly distributed in Shanxi and Shaanxi.2.During the flourishing period of Tang Dynasty,under the influence of politics,culture and planting technology,the tree peony began to be planted extensively in royal gardens such as Xingqing Pool and Huaqing Palace,while only a few peonies were planted in private gardens.The main areas of tree peony were Shaanxi,Shanxi and Sichuan.3.During the Middle Tang Dynasty,the tree peony is widely cultivated in temple gardens and private gardens due to the flourishing wind of peony appreciation,the further development of planting technology,the development of chanting poems and flower and bird paintings.The distribution of tree peony expanded from Shaanxi,Shanxi,and Sichuan to Henan and Zhejiang.4.During the late Tang and Five Dynasties,with the change of regime,the maturity of tree peony cultivation technology and the influence of cultural factors,the distribution of tree peony has been further expanded,moving north to Gansu,Ningxia,south to Hubei,Jiangxi,east to Jiangsu,Fujian and so on.5.The application forms of tree peony in traditional gardens of Tang Dynasty were mainly in the theme park,group planting,isolated planting and clump planting.However,with the maturity of tree peony cultivation technology and the constant renewal of color,pattern and variety of peony.The tree peony was arranged around landscape elements such as topography and architecture in traditional gardens.In the application of modern gardens,special gardens,flower terraces,flower borders and other forms are the main forms.At the same time,combined with topography,other trees,flowers,rocks,sculptures,building and so on.The tree peony was applied to enrich the landscape level and to foil the national flavor of tree peony.Based on the above analysis of the time distribution characteristics of tree peony in different periods of the Tang Dynasty and the reasons of distribution in traditional gardens,this research provides reference for the application of tree peony in modern garden landscape through a clearer understanding of the tree peony in the Tang Dynasty.