Research On The Comprehensive Evaluation Of Economical Landscape Planning And Construction Of Mountain Urban Leisure Agriculture Park In Chongqing

Since the reform and opening up,the national economy has grown rapidly and people’s living standards have been continuously improved.With the rapid development of society,the shortage of resources and the problems of ecological environment have further intensified,the state has paid more and more attention to saving resources,energy and protecting the environment.Since the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development put forward the call for “economical gardens” in 2006,the economical landscape design has been the focus of research for landscape architects.Eco-agricultural sightseeing tour of Chongqing started in the 1990 s and has developed rapidly over the decades.The rapid advancement of urbanization has brought the advantage of urban residents’ leisure consumption.The huge urban consumer groups have achieved a huge market for Chongqing’s urban leisure agriculture.At the same time,as the large-scale,high-input and high-maintenance leisure agriculture parks continue to emerge,many leisure agricultural parks are indeed unsustainable.How to start from the environmental conditions of the leisure agriculture park,and to realize the sustainable development of urban leisure agriculture parks with the idea of saving ideas is a question worthy of deep thinking and research.This paper attempts to start from the economical planning and construction of the leisure agricultural park landscape,based on theoretical study and field research,and establish a comprehensive evaluation system to provide scientific basis and evaluation criteria for the conservation planning of the mountainous urban urban leisure agriculture park in Chongqing.Although the conservation landscape planning and construction has been practiced in urban gardens,there are few related studies on the conservation landscape planning and construction of leisure agriculture parks,especially the research on the planning and construction of mountain urban leisure agriculture parks is almost blank.This paper summarizes the relevant literatures of the conservation landscape,the conservation-oriented leisure agricultural landscape and the comprehensive evaluation of the conservation-oriented leisure agriculture park?s landscape,and combines the landscape planning theory,the conservation theory and the comprehensive evaluation theory to design research table to do some research.This study select 45 mountain urban leisure agricultural parks within the main urban area of Chongqing.The representative 45 mountain urban leisure agricultural parks are investigated from the types and characteristic of the landscape resources,landscape planning,design and construction of the leisure agricultural park.The analysis shows that in terms of site resources,69% of the gardens tend to choose the slope foot and slope area.This type of terrain has low cost and is easy to create mountain features;67% of the gardens are forest-dependent leisure agriculture parks.This type can better meet the needs of the surrounding urban residents to cool off;67% of the gardens have fish ponds.Artificially ponded ponds are the most common water storage measures in recreational agriculture parks;84% of the gardens distribute fruit trees.This kind of agricultural resources can better adapt to Chongqing’s mountainous terrain and climate change;96% of the gardens distribute the buildings of the Bashu residence.The cost of traditional residential construction is low,and the regional style is outstanding;only 6% of the gardens contain historical sites and objects.The use of cultural resources is not fully reflected in the leisure agricultural park.In terms of conservation-oriented landscape planning and construction,most of the gardens are relatively well planned,and there are many spaces for improvement at the design and construction levels.At the planning level,56% of the gardens have clear and accurate development orientation,96% of the gardens respect the original terrain of the site,and 58% of the gardens respect the original landscape of the site;at the design level,18% of the gardens can fully exploit the regional culture resources,49% of the gardens adopt ecological design methods,only 44% of the gardens can rationally transform and utilize the infrastructure,and 53% of the gardens can use the local materials to do landscape design;at the construction level,31 % of the gardens are able to utilize the existing materials on the site,and 36% of the gardens use ecological construction techniques.According to the relevant theoretical research and investigation results,following the principles of pertinence,science,system,practicability and dynamics,the comprehensive evaluation factors of economical landscape planning and construction of mountain urban leisure agricultural parks are selected from three aspects: planning,design and construction.Using the Delphi method to conduct two rounds of expert consultation,and finally determine the park’s site selection,characteristics and target positioning,planning layout,architectural sketch design,plant design,water environment design,infrastructure design,resource utilization and green construction.The indicators and 35 impact factors are used as comprehensive evaluation index system for the conservation landscape planning and construction of mountain urban leisure agriculture parks and corresponding index scoring standards.Using YAAPH10.1 software to construct the judgment matrix of each expert,using Excel software to carry out geometric weighted average of all experts’ weight values of a certain evaluation index,and obtain the index weights and importance sorting of the comprehensive evaluation index system for the conservation landscape planning and construction of Chongqing mountain urban leisure agriculture park.The results show that the five factors that have the greatest impact on the conservation landscape planning and construction of mountain urban leisure agriculture parks are infrastructure conditions,construction conditions,industrial development orientation,overall target orientation,and internal and external landscape patterns.These five factors are all at the planning level.Proving the rational planning in the early stage is the key to improving the landscape planning and construction of the mountainous urban leisure agriculture park.Finally,using the comprehensive evaluation system of economical landscape planning and construction of Chongqing mountain urban leisure agriculture park to evaluate four different mountain types of urban leisure agricultural parks in Chongqing.The results show that the score of ?XISHANPING? agricultural park and ?HUAYANG? valley were “good”.The evaluation results of ?YILUHUANGE? and ?WUZHOU? park were “passed”,among which ?XISHANPING? agricultural park scored the highest and ?WUZHOU? park scored the lowest.Through the comparative analysis of the evaluation results and the status construction,it is proved that the evaluation system is effective.Based on the evaluation conclusions and the results of the survey and analysis of these four park,this research gives some optimization suggestions for the conservation landscape planning and construction.