Analytical Modeling Of Distributed Energy Sources For Microgrid

The aims of this thesis paper are to design a micro grid based on renewable energy technology systems such as photovoltaic(PV)module,wind turbine based on doubly fed induction generator(DFIG),and energy storage system.The models designed in this project are based on two different categories;Simulink models which are modeled based on mathematical equations of the physical systems and simscap models which use electrical modeling of the physical model by representing each element by its equivalent component.The paper contains a smooth modeling of the photovoltaic module based on its mathematical equations such as photo-current,saturation current of the diode,reverse saturation current of the diode,shunt resistance current,output current of the photovoltaic modules;all this elements are taken part on mathematical modeling of the system by the use of Simulink library of Matlab Simulink.The current-voltage(I-V)and power-voltage(P-V)characteristic curves are depicted based on the model designed in Simulink,and the important aspect of photovoltaic module has been highlighted,which is that the variation of temperature(T)and irradiance(G)was affecting the performance of the PV generator characteristics and therefore the necessity of implementing a tracking maximum power point device is inevitable.In this paper three maximum power point tracking algorithms was discussed based on their performance,reliability,flexibility in the system and their capability to adapt in rapidly changing environment to track down the maximum power from the photovoltaic modules;those methods are incremental conductance,perturb and observe and open circuit voltage.The PV module and DC-DC buck converter module were implement implemented based on physical modeling of photovoltaic module.We use a dc-dc buck converter as interface for MPPT and load side,by using Matlab software we was able to implement the complete system(photovoltaic module,MPPT,dc-dc back converter,and load).The reference model used in this thesis paper for modeling PV module is SST120-36 P.In wind turbine side,the paper presented in first place a smooth modeling of the system based on its mathematical model.This paper treat a special type of wind turbine which is doubly fed induction generator(DFIG)of 2 MW.The important characteristic on modeling wind turbine based DFIG showed relationship between torque coefficient(Ct)and lambda,mechanical torque(Tem),wind speed,and generated power from it were depicted and showed that the generated power and torque was affected by wind speed variation.To tackle this issue the paper proposed and indirect control concept of wind speed by in Math lab.For what concern storage energy a brief modeling in simscap has been done.The interface devices such as rectifier,dc to dc buck converter,charge controller is a necessity in a microgrid for a better performance,reliable,effective were shown in an entire chapter dedicated to that purpose.