| Due to the limited available land area in the core area of the city,the crowded places continue to turn from the ground to the underground space,and the depth of the burial continues to develop from the shallow underground layer to the underground multi-layer,underground multi-layer to deep burial.However,the existing evacuation models at home and abroad mainly focus on the development of down-and-level evacuation of ground buildings,and do not reflect the synergistic effect of factors such as fatigue on the ascending evacuation speed of underground multi-layered personnel.Therefore,it is not only imperative to study the ascending evacuation model of underground multi-layered personnel in the impact of fatigue,but also has rich theoretical and practical significance.Firstly,based on the multi-velocity cellular automata evacuation speed model of fine mesh,an uplifting model of underground multi-level personnel dense places considering the influence of fatigue is constructed.Then,the data of the evacuation experiments carried out by the research group were analyzed and analyzed.The built models were used to simulate the six sets of working conditions.The model data of the evacuation experiment and the simulation results of the same experimental scene were compared and analyzed.The fatigue degree and the evacuation process were studied.The effect of evacuation results.Finally,by comparing and analyzing the experimental data and the four-dimensional trajectory of the model simulation,the reasons for the increase and decrease of the deviation between the simulation and the experiment are found out.The formula of the speed of personnel movement;the simulation of the same working condition was carried out with the optimized ascending model of underground multi-layered personnel considering the influence of fatigue,and the validity of the optimized model was verified.The main results are as follows:(1)The ascending evacuation velocity distribution of males and females in evacuation experiments is 0.25~1.75m/s and 0.25~1.5m/s respectively;as the evacuation distance increases,the upward velocity of the personnel gradually decreases,after a certain evacuation distance The upward speed of the personnel remains unchanged;according to the above two points,the formula of the evacuation speed and the moving distance of the personnel is obtained by linear regression.(2)The time for all the simulators entering the stair evacuation system under the influence of fatigue is 2456 s,which is greater than the time when the simulator enters the stair evacuation system at constant speed is 1409s;the inlet flow under the influence of fatigue is 0.31 ped/(m?s)),which is less than 0.57 ped/(m?s)at constant velocity;the total evacuation time under the influence of fatigue is 4280.5 s,which is greater than the total evacuation time at constant speed is 2286.5 s;the outlet flow rate under consideration of fatigue is 0.23 ped/(m?s),which is less than 0.43 ped/(m?s)at constant speed.This shows that the fatigue is significant in the evacuation effect of the personnel: the fatigue rate causes the evacuation speed of the personnel to be significantly slowed down,and the evacuation time is significantly increased.(3)In the range of static field values where the experimental evacuation time is equal to the simulated evacuation time,the low value of the static field coefficient will cause the exit to be less attractive to the personnel at the floor near the exit,resulting in evacuation of the floor near the exit.Deviation from the model simulation.The optimized static field coefficient Ks is adjusted from 1.8 to 2.0.In the velocity formula considering the motion of the person under the influence of fatigue,the correction value of the 3th to the 17 th layer d is "δ=17.13".The optimized static field coefficient and velocity formula are substituted into the evacuation model to simulate the same scene as the working condition.The deviations of the evacuation experiment and the model simulation in the 8th,12 th,16th,and 20 th layers are 93.36% and 91.28%,90.75%,91.19%.It shows that the fitting degree of the evacuation experiment and the model simulation is further improved,and the fitting degree is stable on each floor,and there is no phenomenon of first decreasing and then increasing.(4)A new model verification method is proposed: the deviation between the evacuation experiment and the model simulation is compared with the four-dimensional trajectory coordinates composed of xyz position and time.This method can more intuitively and effectively derive the cause of the deviation between the evacuation experiment and the model simulation,improve the accuracy of the model verification,and optimize the model accordingly. |
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