Research On Water-Energy Nexus In Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region

Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is the core region of economic development in northern China.The shortage of water resources and energy has gradually become one of the important bottlenecks which is restricting region’s sustainable development.The development and utilization of water resources are inseparable from the support of energy.Energy’s production and transformation also need water resources to provide support.These two resources are inseparable.With the continuous deepening of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei integration strategy,it is necessary to study the water-energy collaborative development strategy in the region.This paper used the multi-regional input-output method to calculate the final demand in Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei and the consumption of virtual water and hidden energy in domestic and international trade.At the same time,the paper analyzed the direct water consumption and virtual water consumption in the production process of energy production related departments,as well as the direct energy consumption and hidden energy consumption of water resources production departments.The following results are obtained:(1)In the final demand of virtual water consumption,urban residents in Tianjin and Hebei have the largest consumption contribution(accounting for 55.83% and 42.46% respectively).Beijing has the largest total fixed capital formation(47.18%)of the consumption of virtual water.Total fixed capital formation of the three regions has the highest hidden energy consumption.There is a large gap between the per capita consumption of virtual water and hidden energy in urban and rural areas in the three regions.Urban residents have triggered more virtual water and hidden energy consumption;(2)Both Beijing and Tianjin have net imports and net transfers of virtual water and hidden energy(domestic and international imported virtual water consumption accounted for 27.16% and 69.02% of Beijing,32.17% and 62.30% of Tianjin;domestic and international imported hidden energy consumption accounted for 52.86% and 33.42% of Beijing,47.67% and 24.79% of Tianjin).Hebei is a region of net import and net transfer in virtual water foreign trade(domestic and international imported virtual water consumption accounts for 54.56% and 25.65%,respectively).Hebei’s hidden energy trade are net transfers and net exports(domestic and international exported energy accounted for 44.94% and 2.47% of their production-based energy consumption).(3)The direct and virtual water consumption of energy production units in Beijing is the highest in the three regions.Hebei has the highest direct and hidden energy consumption per unit of water resource production.(4)In the three regions,the virtual water consumption is lower than the direct water consumption of energy production process.The direct water consumption of Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei is respectively 2.62,1.33 and 16.36 times of the virtual water consumption in the energy produced units.The hidden energy calorific value per 10,000 yuan of aquatic products produced in Beijing and Hebei is much higher than the direct energy calorific value,which is not much different in Tianjin.The above results indicated that the analyze of consumption-based resources is equally important.Both direct and indirect associations of water and energy are important,it is necessary to consider them in the analyze.At last,this paper from the utilization efficiency of water resources and energy and enhance people’s awareness of saving,strengthen the cooperation between regions on the consumption of virtual water and hidden energy,and link the water resources and energy of the three places to propose relevant policies and suggestions.