Self-powered Track Detection Device Based On Magnetostrictive Material

With the development of economy and the advancement of science and technology,rail transit is increasingly important in life,and the running state of the track is gradually ensuring the safety of trains.How to effectively and conveniently detect the track status becomes the focus of railway system development,online dynamic detection The technology can provide real-time information and is an important component of track state detection.At present,the track online detection mainly includes axle counting device,track scale,etc.,so as to detect the vibration state of the track,and the battery is mostly powered,and the working cycle is controlled.Here,the passive track detecting device designed based on the magnetostrictive energy material can simultaneously realize on-line vibration detection and self-power supply to the track.The following are several aspects of the research:Firstly,it analyzes and explores the existing detection technology and equipment for orbit,analyzes the detection principle and energy supply mode of static monitoring and dynamic monitoring.The existing energy harvesting technology is analyzed and explored,mainly including piezoelectric,electromagnetic and magnetostrictive energy collectors,and the development of magnetostrictive materials in the field of energy collectors is highlighted.Basically,according to the specific requirements of the passive track vibration detecting device,the implementation scheme is determined,and then the overall model parts of the design device are respectively optimized for analysis.The device is mainly composed of Galfenol flakes,neodymium iron nano permanent magnets,photosensitive resin coil bobbins,induction coils,and optimization analysis of each component using software such as ANSYS Workbench and AN SYS Maxwell.Then the mathematical modeling of the passive orbital device is carried out.Based on the Jiles-Atherton model,a mathematical model of the magnetic field H,the applied stress a and the total magnetization M is constructed.It is known in MATLAB that the magnetic field of 15KA/m is most suitable for the device;The vehicle-orbit asynchronous dynamics structure is about the vibration differential equation of the orbit.The vibration displacement is about 29 KN and the maximum vibration amplitude is about 0.5mm.Based on the Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction,the machine-magnetic model and the vibration model are combined.Finally,the vibration parameters are obtained.And a mathematical model of the induced potential.Finally,design the circuit,make the prototype and build the experimental platform for verification analysis.The circuit mainly comprises a storage circuit,a discharge circuit,a signal analysis circuit and a data storage circuit,and the corresponding code is prepared to make a circuit board.After making the prototype,the exciter pair is used as the vibration source,and the induced voltage is collected by the oscilloscope and the data acquisition board.The coil can generate power up to 32mW under the load of 25K?.The three coils can satisfy the signal analysis and data storage circuit.71.5mW of power.The data measured by the prototype is curve-fitted with the vibration source input.The fitting formula can reflect the relationship between the input amplitude of the vibration source and the induced voltage to realize signal detection.