Study On The Spatial Form Of Traditional Villages In The Lower Reaches Of Wuding River In The Loess Plateau Of Northern Shaanxi Province

Wuding River is a large-scale first-class tributary of the Yellow River in Northern Shaanxi,which originates in Dingbian County,Yulin City,Shaanxi Province,and flows through Dingbian,Jingbian,Mizhi,Suide and Qingjian counties in the province.The upper reaches of Wuding River Basin are windblown sand areas and the lower reaches are Loess Hilly and gully areas.Nomadic culture and farming culture collide and merge here,forming a strong regional loess culture.The traditional villages in Wuding River Basin are concentrated in the lower reaches,and the number of villages in the lower reaches is 66.The traditional villages in this area have similar adaptation ways of natural environment and bearing forms of loess culture,and their spatial forms show similar regional characteristics and laws.Through field research and combing of relevant literature,this paper hopes to study the spatial form of traditional villages in the lower reaches of Wuding River in Northern Shaanxi,master the characteristics of the spatial form of typical traditional villages in the basin,and reveal the overall characteristics of the spatial form of traditional villages in Northern Shaanxi through comparison with other basins in Northern Shaanxi,so as to supplement the basic research of traditional villages in Northern Shaanxi,It paves the way for the protection and renewal of the following traditional villages.First of all,24 traditional villages in the lower reaches of Wuding River are selected as the research object of this paper.The evolution process,classification and distribution characteristics of these villages are analyzed.Based on the external boundary shape,they are divided into four types: group,strip,branch and scattered point.Combined with the features,site selection and layout characteristics,architectural preservation and proportion of traditional villages,etc Clear specific cases.Secondly,the research on the spatial form of each typical case mainly includes the location and layout characteristics of traditional villages and the characteristics of each constituent element space,and summarizes the influence of constituent elements on the spatial form.Finally,through the comparison with the traditional village spatial form of other basins in Northern Shaanxi,using the methods of induction,deduction and comparison,this paper summarizes the commonness and difference of the traditional village spatial form of the two basins,extracts the overall characteristics of the traditional village spatial form sublimated to northern Shaanxi,and summarizes the influencing factors of the spatial form.Based on the above research,the following conclusions can be drawn: 1)the four types of spatial patterns of traditional villages in the lower reaches of Wuding River are characterized by cluster inward concentration,parallel layout of banded landscape villages,multi-directional branches and scattered clusters.2)Compared with the traditional villages in Qingjian River Basin,both of them are close to the water source and save the cultivated land.They are located on the back of the mountain and face south,and are distributed reasonably according to local conditions.The difference in distribution lies in that the traditional villages in the lower reaches of Wuding River are concentrated in the upper and middle reaches,and the branch shape is the main form type.The traditional villages in Qingjian River are concentrated in the middle and lower reaches,and the belt shape is the main form Form type of.3)The overall characteristics of the spatial form of traditional villages in Northern Shaanxi are that the layout is mainly adapted to the environment and local conditions;the spatial organization structure is mainly external defense and internal settlement;the form and style are mainly active utilization and mutual integration.