Study On Fire Evacuation Route Of Underground Shopping Mall Sharing Exit With Subway

With the sharp problems such as the shortage of urban construction land,the shortage of living space and traffic jams,urban development has shifted the focus of space development to the underground space.By making full use of the underground space to increase the available space of the city,to alleviate the above problems and prosper urban commerce,so as to gradually form a three-dimensional development of underground space and above ground space.However,underground buildings,such as underground shopping malls,subways,etc.If there was a fire,it had the danger of large smoke,rapid spread of fire,difficult to identify the fire signs,difficult to evacuate and so on,which can easily cause a large number of casualties and property losses.Therefore,the research on the evacuation path of underground buildings such as underground shopping malls and subways in case of emergency was of guiding significance.The main work of this paper were as follows:(1)This paper analyzed and discussed the fire risk of comprehensive underground buildings constructed with underground shopping malls and subways,and expounded the research significance,content and technical route of this paper.(2)In view of the internal architectural environment and layout of underground shopping malls,this paper analyzed the influence of shop door setting,exit layout and evacuation flow crossing on evacuation efficiency.The analysis shows that there were better values for the shop door setting,which can achieve a more balanced use of the exit.when a large number of people crossed the evacuation flow at a lower speed,the evacuation efficiency was lower,and it was necessary to evacuate the cross flow reasonably guide.(3)Considering the factors of store door setting,exit layout and evacuation flow crossing,the paper useed Pathfinder to simulate the evacuation scene without considering the evacuation indication device,the actual evacuation indication device based on Dijkstra algorithm,and the optimized evacuation scene with the improved evacuation indication device proposed by combining the principle of Tyson polygon and Dijkstra algorithm.The results show that the optimized scenario of the improved evacuation indication device can be used,and the evacuation time can be reduced by32%,which realized a reasonable plan for the evacuation path of personnel.(4)This paper studied and analyzed the influence of response time of people and the proportion of people retrograde in the common passage of underground shopping malls and subways on evacuation.A new type of evacuation door wall which can be opened in emergency was proposed.This paper simulated the ideal evacuation scene,the evacuation scene considering the reaction time and retrograde of the people in the common passage,and the optimized evacuation scene considering the response time and retrograde of the people in the common passage and setting a new door wall.The comparative analysis show that the setting of the evacuation door wall reduced the evacuation time by 20%,which can guide and divert people reasonably.(5)In this paper,the improved evacuation indication device and the new evacuation door wall which can be used in the densely populated space proposed by the underground shopping mall and the subway evacuation research institute were helpful to improve the safety of shopping mall and subway operation.It can be used in fire evacuation of underground buildings,and promoted the application of evacuation facilities in public buildings.