Research On Safety Evacuation Of Public Buildings In Colleges And Universities Based On BIM

The safety evacuation from public buildings in Colleges and universities is closely rela ted to the life safety of a large number of students.Schedule of students is fixed and unified.A large number of students and faculty members often gather in different public buildings of colleges and universities in a specific period of time.A large number of students and fa culty members often gather in different public buildings of universities in a specific period of time,which will reduce the evacuation efficiency and lead to trampling accidents.The sa fety evacuation in universities has become a research emphasis in today's society.As a visualization tool of building information,BIM model can provide real building informat ion for evacuation simulation software by establishing digital building information model.As a visualization tool of building information,BIM model can provide real building infor mation for evacuation simulation software by establishing digital building information mod el.As a visualization tool of building information,BIM model can provide real building inf ormation for evacuation simulation software by establishing digital building information m odel.The combination of BIM technology and evacuation safety simulation software compl ements the drawbacks of evacuation simulation software.BIM modeling includes building structure,fire fighting facilities,stairway,various building electrical,mechanical pipelines,doors and windows,and various furnishings in the room.It provides more real evacuation s ites for evacuation simulation.The combination of evacuation simulation and BIM technolo gy is more effective than traditional evacuation technology,which has the advantages of str onger model integrity,more abundant information and more intuitive.In this paper,the evacuation simulation test in No.2 teaching building of a university was c arried out,and the evacuation simulation analysis under fire wascarried out based on BIM t echnology.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)The evacuation test in No.2 teaching building was divided into two parts: the test i n ordinary state and in emergency.Through the comparison and analysis of the two groups of tests,the influence of habitual psychology for exit choice in the evacuation process was obtained.(2)Three different BIM models were introduced into the evacuation software Pathfind er to complete the evacuation simulation of the test places,including the first floor area and the whole teaching building.The evacuation simulation rules were obtained.With the incre asing of the building area and the number of evacuators,the evacuation time of the first suc cessful evacuation individual decreases,and in the same building.The more escape routes o pened in the building,the faster the evacuation rate will be.(3)The BIM model was imported into the fire simulation software PyroSim to comple te the fire simulation in No.2 teaching building.The smoke spread rule in the fire was studied and analyzed.The time points that the exit of evacuation stairs and the exit of evacuation were impassable were obtained.The time points were brought into the evacuation simulati on of the whole teaching building.It was concluded that the total evacuation time after cons idering fire was 23.03 s more than that without considering fire.(4)According to the research on the safety evacuation in the teaching building,it was f ound that in the building such like teaching building group in the University,when the safet y entrance and exit of various buildings were designed,it should not only consider the num ber of export and the uniform distribution,but should choose the outlet according to the hab ituation of the evacuees,and appropriately widen the outlet width on the side of the buildin g with high bias on the exit.Or increase the number of exits on that side to ensure the safety and effectiveness of evacuation.