Study On Structural Optimization Design Of A Steel Truss Bridge

Engineering optimization design refers to the behavior of choosing the best result from many possible schemes under certain constraints.The advantages of truss structure are light weight,high utilization rate,simple and convenient fabrication and strong bearing capacity.The application of intelligent optimization algorithm to truss structure design can overcome the defects of traditional optimization methods,save more material consumption,improve structure performance and reduce the cost of truss.This application is very important not only in economic function,but also in the concept of social sustainable development.The connection between members of truss structure brings great stability to the whole structure.The steel bridge with truss structure as the main structure has the advantages of convenient construction,long use period and high strength.Now the building structure is diversified,and the traditional structural design method can not meet the requirements of complex truss structure.Therefore,it is necessary to use the intelligent optimization algorithm to optimize the truss structure design.This paper studies the basic principle and design concept of whale optimization algorithm.Whale optimization algorithm is a new heuristic search algorithm,which has the advantages of strong search ability,distributed spiral computing and less parameters.Therefore,it has been applied in many fields soon after it was proposed.Like many intelligent algorithms,there are similar shortcomings after running.For example,in a small range of running space,the cycle can only find the current best solution,and the convergence speed is slow.In order to solve the limitation of running whale optimization algorithm,this paper proposes an improved whale optimization algorithm based on information entropy,which reduces the number of iterations and improves the convergence accuracy.The standard function and 15,25,52,72,and 200 bar trusses are used to analyze the application,which verifies the feasibility and effectiveness of the improved whale optimization algorithm.A steel truss bridge in Bazhou city is applied in the improved whale optimization algorithm.Two trusses are selected as 70 and 130.The results show that the optimized weight of bzm-1-a-28 truss is 9292.75 kg,5.27% less than PSO,4.98% less than ACO,5.60% less than WOA,15828.74 kg less than bzm-1-a-30 truss,1.40% less than PSO,2.20% less than ACO and 2.43% less than WOA.The improved algorithm has obvious progress in dealing with complex optimization problems such as truss structure.This paper provides a new idea and method for truss structure optimization and similar engineering problems.