Spatial Analysis Based Techno-Economic And Environmental Modelling For Ground Coupled Heat Pump In Shanghai

With the rapid urbanization process in China,there is an urgent need for an appropriate solution to satisfy the heating demand in southern cities,due to the lack of district heating systems.Ground coupled heat pump is a new heating solution,which can extract heat from the rock and soil in the deep ground and provide heat to the indoor environments in building through heat pump systems.In the paper,the research was performed on the application potential of ground coupled heat pump in Shanghai.The geographic information system was utilized to analyze the application potential,which includes the potential in hydrogeology,technique,economy and environment.The spatial analysis can provide rational plan for the application of non-fossil energy.In the paper,six key performance indicators that consists of seasonal performance coefficient?SCOP?,primary energy consumption intensity,discounted payback period?DPP?,internal rate of return?IRR?,CO₂ and PM_2.5 emission intensity,are utilized to measure the potential of ground coupled heat pump in technique,economy and environment.Based on the spatial data of Shanghai,a model of 100m deep geothermal energy extraction was established.And the building heat load and the performance coefficient of heating system were calculated through the building model,design parameters and BIN weather parameters.The economic and environmental models were built based on the investigation of the cash flow and the electric power structure in Shanghai.Based on the calculation results and analysis of the models,the following conclusions were drawn for the application potential of ground coupled heat pump in Shanghai:1.In the district of Chongming,Jiading,north of Baoshan,southwest of Jinshan,center of Pudong and urban area along Huangpu River,the geothermal energy extractions at the depth of 100m can reach about 50W/m,and 40W/m in other regions.2.The peak heat load of a single 13-storey building with a building area of 3,261.96 square meters is 167.67kW.The SCOP of air source heat pump and ground coupled heat pump was 3.56 and 4.79 respectively in heating season.The primary energy consumption of electric heating system was 265gce/kWh,and air source heat pump and vertical ground coupled heat pump was respectively 74gce/kWh and 55gce/kWh.3.Compared with the electric heating system,the discounted payback period of ground coupled heat pump was 1.28-1.49 years,and that of air source heat pump was 0.32-0.51 years.The internal rate of return of vertical ground coupled heat pump was 73.44%-82.91%,and that of air source heat pump was 197.37%-311.47%.4.Regard to the environment,CO₂ and PM_2.5 emission of ground coupled heat pump was respectively 145g/kWh and 0.06g/kWh,which were 79% lower than these of electric heating system and 26% lower than these of air source heat pump.