Research And Application Of Energy Blockchain Based On Graphene System Structure And Design Pattern

With the development and innovation of the power system,more and more distributed energy entities have joined the power market competition.The role and function of distributed energy entities in the distribution network is no longer single.The boundary between traditional power producers and consumers is gradually blurred,and production and consumption functions tend to converge.The distributed energy entities will become an important part of the power system with the new identity of the energy producer and consumer,which brings new challenges to the power system.From the perspective of market transactions,the traditional electricity trading model is mainly based on medium-and long-term contracts between large users and power plants,while the energy producers ’output is random and the transaction has the characteristics of high frequency and small amount,which will amplify the disadvantages of high transaction cost,slow transaction speed and opaque market information in the centralized transaction mode;from the perspective of platform service,on the one hand,the centralized storage of data has a great security risk,and the data faces the risk of being stolen,tampered with,or lost.On the other hand,the centralized transaction model will cause user information asymmetry,thus dampening the enthusiasm of some market participants.The technical characteristics of the blockchain make it a powerful assistant for trading applications,and can provide energy producers with a trusted,interactive,and low-cost transaction method.First,all transactions in the blockchain are jointly checked by all witness nodes,which achieves reliable transactions without third-party trust endorsement and reduces transaction costs;second,each block-producing node in the blockchain stores All information in the system,all transaction data can be traced back and cannot be tampered with,ensuring the security and reliability of the transaction information;finally,blockchain technology provides the building conditions for decentralized applications and lays the foundation for the integration of blockchain technology and mobile Internet,so that blockchain technology can be applied to all aspects of social governance.For the application of blockchain technology in energy trading,this paper designs an energy trading system based on graphene blockchain,constructs a three-layer system of transaction layer,user layer and physical layer,and the transaction layer and user layer are designed in detail,while the physical layer uses a mature energy management system.In the transaction layer,in view of the high frequency and small amount of transactions formed between energy producers and consumers,a three-stage transaction model of demand submission,transaction matching and transaction execution was designed,and in the transaction matching phase,two matching methods of matching and liquidation were formulated based on the principles of "highest price get" and "maximum utilization" in order to achieve multi-party satisfactory transaction results;aiming at the shortcomings of the voting enthusiasm of the voting nodes and the lack of timely removal of malicious witness nodes in the traditional DPoS(Delegated Proof of Stake)consensus mechanism,credit rewards and punishment and rapid replacement are introduced for improvement.Block rewards are allocated through the calculation of the Shapley value,which maximizes the beneficiary group,prompts nodes to vote carefully,and uses credit scores to quantify the working status of each node and the impact of various operations on the system,providing an effective reference for voting nodes,reducing the possibility of bad nodes being elected as witness nodes,and finally,by quickly removing malicious witness nodes,the system’s operational stability and data security are guaranteed.In the user layer,a visual terminal system is designed,which realizes three major modules of login registration,electricity purchase and sale,and user management,providing users with a convenient and fast visual operation interface;designed a backend service system with the role of "agent" to provide a bridge for the interaction of onchain data and off-chain data;designed and deployed transaction smart contracts to achieve contract of transaction models and automation of transaction processes.Finally,the system operation test proves that the graphene energy blockchain system has both high efficiency and safety.