| The stadium structure studied in this paper is an open structure.This type of building mainly has the following two characteristics:The first is that open-span buildings have large-span roofs with light weight,low damping,high flexibility,and low frequency of natural vibration.They are wind-sensitive structures;the second is that the building has two upper and lower wind surfaces compared to conventional closed large-span roofs.The wind loading mechanism is more complicated.It is precisely because of these characteristics that these structures have been damaged by strong winds.This has caused incalculable casualties and property losses.At present,there is no relevant norm that applies to such buildings.Therefore,research on such buildings is necessary.At present,there are certain research foundations for research on large-span cantilever roofs and their wind reduction measures at domestic and abroad.Because the aerodynamic measures of the roof opening are easier to operate and the wind load of the roof is reduced,so this paper first studies the influence of the opening on the average wind load of this kind of building roof through wind tunnel pressure test.After processing and analyzing the test data,compare the experimental data with the numerical simulation results to verify the accuracy and feasibility of the numerical simulation used in this paper.Further,the numerical simulation technique was used to study the effects of hole opening rate,opening position,number of holes,and shape of opening on the average wind load of the roof and the overall strength of the roof.The results show that:(1)At the most unfavorable wind angle,the upper surface of the stadium’s large-span roof is mainly negative pressure,and the lower surface is mainly positive pressure.The partial pressure in the vicinity of the midspan of the roof is maximum.At the wind angle of 30°,the structure is the most unfavorable.(2)The opening of the roof can effectively reduce the value of the local wind pressure coefficient of the roof,which is very favorable to the structure.From the numerical point of view,the value of the wind pressure coefficient after the opening is significantly reduced,and the maximum reduction rate of the wind pressure coefficient can reach 73%.(3)Before and after the opening,the numerical simulation technique is consistent with the results of the wind tunnel test.The numerical simulation technique is accurate and feasible.(4)The absolute value of the wind pressure coefficient on the surface of the roof and theoverall strength of the roof decrease with the increase of the opening rate.However,when the opening rate increases to a certain value,the wind pressure and the overall force of the roof no longer change with the increase of the opening rate.(5)The distance between the vent holes and the distance from the front edge of the roof are either too large or too small,which is not conducive to the reduction of wind pressure and overall strength of the roof.When designing openings in the structure,suitable openings should be selected.(6)When the opening rate,opening position,and opening shape are fixed,the smaller the opening number,the more advantageous the roof structure.However,the effect of the number of openings is relatively small.In contrast,the opening rate is the main factor affecting the roof wind load.(7)When the opening rate,opening position and number of openings are certain,the shape of the opening has little effect on the wind load on the roof.However,due to the less working conditions studied in this paper,the effect on the shape of the opening remains to be further studied. |
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