Research Of The Coupling Models Of Urban Parks Management In Lanzhou Based On The Perspective Of Social-ecological Network Analysis

A huge,open and complex system has formed between society and ecology,and social development and ecological changes are mutually causal.Nowadays,how to deal with the complex socio-ecological relationship from a systematic perspective is becoming a global and strategic issue,and it's difficult and urgent for both academia and governments.In order to understand this complex relationship,the SocialEcological Network Analysis(SENA)can achieve intuitive expression and quantitative research of complex relationships,which crosses disciplinary boundaries and is a methodological innovation and breakthrough in current social-ecological system research.At the same time,as the main concentration area of the population,cities have frequent human activities and significant interaction with the ecological environment,which is a hot spot for social-ecological system research.Lanzhou,one of the important cities in the national development strategy because of its unique geographical environment and economic location,but nowadays its urban ecological construction and development are constrained by multiple factors.So,it's crucial to pay attention to the coordinated development of the urban social-ecological system of Lanzhou,under the social background that the country attaches great importance to the construction of ecological civilization and the modernization of governance capabilities and governance systems.This study introduces the Social-Ecological Network Analysis framework into the urban parks management in Lanzhou to explore the coupling models between urban parks and corresponding management departments,which based on combing the relevant research theories and technical methods of the social-ecological network analysis.First of all,the case study needs to build the social-ecological network model of urban parks management: obtain basic data through preliminary surveys based on the field survey and questionnaire survey.Through Sentinel-2A image data processing and semi-structured interviews,and combining Lanzhou 's natural environment characteristics and urban development status to determine network nodes and connections,and then build ecological network,social network and interlayer network respectively.Then integrate the network data of all layers to achieve the visualization of the social-ecological network by using the UCINET software.Secondly,in order to comprehensively explore the complex relationship between parks and management departments,the research uses Multilevel Exponential Random Graph Model(MLERGM)to analyze the social-ecological coupling characteristics,and separately analyzes the position characteristics of each management departments in the social network and the ecological network structure characteristics.From a network perspective,this research has realized the intuitive expression of complex relationships and the quantitative analysis,which has certain theoretical and practical significance for exploring the coordinated development of urban socialecological systems,and it's also helpful to further promote the development of the SENA theory in different social-ecological contexts.Finally,based on the analysis of the existing research results and the collation of the questionnaire data,this study draws the following conclusions:(1)There are two major socio-ecological coupling models: a.ecologically linked parks are generally managed by the same department,b.when multiple departments manage the same park,these departments tend to create direct social connections to achieve coordinated management.These two coupling modes have formed complete feedback loops,which is a prerequisite for coordinated and efficient management,but at the same time,it also puts forward higher requirements for the management capabilities of the departments.(2)A "core-sub-core-edge" network model has been formed between management departments.The Lanzhou Forestry Bureau,Lanzhou Culture and Tourism Bureau and the Yellow River Scenic Area Management Committee are the main supporters and coordinators of the whole social network,and there are some direct connections within each district-level department,but external links across districts need to be constructed through these three departments.Meanwhile,it should be noted that this social network model has the risk of lack of democracy,even if it is beneficial to improve the efficiency of decision-making to a certain extent,so it is necessary to explore a management model with diversified participants.(3)The spatial distribution of parks is uneven,and the ecological connections are relatively isolated and intermittent.The managers should be aware of the importance and urgency of rational planning,construction and management of urban green space systems,and positively explore diversified social-ecological coordination coupling models that adapt to changes in the ecological pattern.