Research On The Outdoor Greening Layout Of Large And Medium-sized Gymnasiums In Northern China Based On Wind-thermal Environment

With the development of economy and humanities,China’s emphasis on national physical exercise is gradually deepening.The outdoor venue of the gymnasium is an important auxiliary space of the gymnasium building,but its space utilization rate is not high.Through analysis,it is found that the large hard area and the single function are one of the reasons that make it less attractive to the public.At the same time,the tall gymnasium building also has an adverse effect on the site microenvironment,especially the wind and thermal environment The influence of the crowd is more direct.At present,the method of improving the outdoor microenvironment through greening has proved effective.However,for the outdoor venues of gymnasiums,the previous researches mostly made qualitative explanations from the perspective of psychological aesthetics brought by greening,and lacked a certain degree to guide the gymnasium Quantitative research results of outdoor greening design.Therefore,this article uses statistical analysis,field research and numerical simulation methods,starting from the comfort direction,taking Shenyang as an example to focus on the improvement effect of different outdoor greening layouts on the outdoor wind and thermal environment of large and medium-sized gymnasiums in the north to obtain the best Green layout pattern.The research ideas are as follows.Firstly,using statistical analysis methods,establish six typical building morphology models,determine the eight outdoor site function types and proportions,and obtain three basic layout forms of greening.And through the summary of the characteristics of the outdoor activities of the northern people in the gym,the type of Shenyang City,Liaoning Province as an example to determine the evaluation criteria for the winter monsoon environment and the summer thermal environment.Secondly,use ENVI-met microclimate simulation software to simulate the wind and thermal environment of typical greening elements in Shenyang,including tree species,horizontal structure,forest belt scale,area scale,green space shape,etc.On this basis,according to the distribution of the outdoor wind and thermal environment of the typical building form,a more reasonable outdoor function layout mode is obtained,and then focus on the setting and simulation of three different types of green layout layouts on the outdoor site,and analyze its activity time throughout the day The distribution of outdoor wind and thermal environment during the period of time and key activities,and finally get the greening layout mode with the best improvement effect under the typical architectural form.Finally,the design and simulation of the function and greening layout of the outdoor venue of the Liaoning Provincial Gymnasium were optimized and verified to prove the effectiveness of the relevant conclusions of the best greening layout model mentioned above in practical applications.The study found that Ginkgo biloba and Pinus tabulaeformis were the most common deciduous trees and evergreen trees in Shenyang to improve the wind and thermal environment.In practice,such tree species with a leaf area index of more than 3.0 can be used.If the actual conditions are limited,the tree spacing and row spacing can be maintained at 6m.Around,the forest belt width is about 20 m,the green area is about 1000m2,and the greening direction is set as north-south as much as possible,which can better improve the wind and thermal environment around the site.In addition,the outdoor spaces of the three types of typical rectangular building forms are mainly north-south strip green layouts,the perfect circle building forms are strip green layouts parallel to the building boundary,and the elliptical north-south and oval east-west building forms are circular The shape(the north-south greening is higher than that of the eastwest)is mainly based on the greening layout,and on this basis,the local greening is adjusted,and finally six types of optimal greening layout models are obtained,which provides a reference for the design of the outdoor greening layout of large and medium-sized gymnasiums in the north.