Research On The Operation Efficiency Of China’s Airlines Based On Service Quality And Its Influencing Factors

With the in-depth development of China’s economy and the improvement of people’s living standards,people’s demand for travel has greatly increased.The scale of China’s air transport industry has grown steadily,the degree of marketization of the industry has been continuously improved,and the air transport industry has made great progress.It has become a major civil aviation country in the world.In the ranks,the strategic position in the national economy and society has become increasingly prominent.As a modern mode of transportation,civil aviation has always been an important part of China’s economy.In 2015,General Secretary Xi Jinping stated: "The civil aviation industry is an important strategic industry.We must always adhere to safety first,strict industry management,strengthen scientific and technological support,focus on improving transportation quality and international competitiveness,and better serve the national development strategy.To meet the needs of the broad masses of the people." In 2018,the "New Plan for the Construction of Civil Aviation Powerful Countries in the New Era" issued by the Civil Aviation Administration of China also clearly pointed out that civil aviation is a strategic industry and played a new journey in the country to open a comprehensive socialist modernization power.Fundamental,leading role.Faced with fierce competition in the domestic and international aviation industry,China’s aviation industry is facing unprecedented opportunities and challenges,and there are still many aspects that need to be upgraded and learned.Based on the SBM model and considering the undesired output SBM model,this paper calculates the operational efficiency of China’s airlines in 2011-2018 and compares them.On this basis,this paper analyzes the factors that consider the operational efficiency of service quality through the Tobit model,which has positive promotion significance for the development of China’s aviation industry.The main research contents are as follows:Firstly,this paper selects the fuel cost,fleet size and employee salary as input indicators,operating profit rate and operating income as the output index to build an efficiency evaluation index system,and use the SBM model to measure the operational efficiency of China’s airlines,and thus consider the service.The comparative analysis of the operational efficiency of the quality.The results show that,firstly,in terms of time series,7 out of 9 airlines in China in 2011-2018 have achieved DEA effectiveness.From each year,the number of effective decision-making units in China’s aviation industry is not large,but the operating efficiency is generally high.Among them,the performance in 2016 is the most prominent,and the average operating efficiency value has reached 0.8811.Second,the operational efficiency of China’s aviation industry is generally stable,with growth or decline maintained at 2%-4%,but there are also large differences between different airlines.Specifically,the operating efficiency rankings of the three major state-owned airlines are gradually decreasing.Among them,Hainan Airlines ranked top in 2011-2016,but it experienced a sharp decline in 2017-2018.The operational advantages of Spring Airlines,Juneyao Airlines and China Express Airlines in private aviation in 2011-2018 are even more obvious.Then,based on the perspective of service quality,this paper adds the late rate as an undesired output to the efficiency evaluation index system,and obtains the operational efficiency of China’s airlines through the undesired output SBM model.The specific conclusions are as follows: First,the operational efficiency considering service quality is reduced by 4.83% compared to the operational efficiency without considering service quality.Secondly,when considering the quality of service,China’s aviation industry has achieved the DEA effective decision-making unit with only Spring Airlines and Cathay Pacific Airways.Hainan Airlines and China International Airlines,which have consistently performed well in state-owned airlines,have not achieved DEA effectiveness.Third,the overall performance of private aviation is good,especially China Express Airlines,which jumped from the ninth to the first in 2015-2016 and continued to maintain good results.In summary,in terms of service quality,China’s airlines still have a lot of room for improvement.Secondly,on the basis of the above research,further explore the relevant factors affecting the operational efficiency of China’s airlines,in order to seek the space for the improvement of China’s airlines.Based on this,this paper selects the passenger load factor,the number of routes,management fees,flight time as explanatory variables,high-speed rail operating mileage,airline establishment time,whether to join the three major international aviation alliances and per capita GDP as control variables,through the Bootstrap-Tobit model.Factor analysis of the operational efficiency of Chinese airlines considering service quality.The results show that the passenger load factor,the number of routes,management fees and flight time have all passed the significant test,which will affect the operational efficiency of Chinese airlines.Specifically,the increase in load factor and flight time will have a significant effect on the operational efficiency of the late rate.The increase in the number of routes and management costs will,to a certain extent,reduce the operational efficiency of considering service quality.Finally,on the basis of operational efficiency evaluation and factor analysis,the following countermeasures and suggestions are specifically proposed: first,scientific planning of route network;second,control of management costs;third,strengthening airport planning and construction,etc.for China’s aviation industry.Development and progress provide relevant research references.When considering the quality of service,this paper selects the index of late rate.In fact,the quality of service involves many aspects,such as special services,entertainment facilities,cabin environment,etc.However,there is no unified quantitative standard in these aspects at the current stage,so the future research direction can be further improved and enriched in the service quality indicator system.