Study On Influence Of Plant Essential Oil On Cherry Valley Ducks For Its Characters Of Production Performance And Carcass Quality,Apparent Nutrient Digestibility,Immune Function

Plant essential oil is a kind of plant derived secondary metabolites,an oiliness admixture acquired from plants by the method of steam distillation.Because of its various biological activities,plant essential ois has been widely used in the field of medicine,cosmetics,food additives,and so on.It is said that plant essential oil could be used as feed additives to improve animal production performance and carcass quality in the field of animal medicine.As a kind of natural spice,Eugenol has various pharmacological activities and biological function such as antibacterial,antifungal,antioxidant,and so on.Its features of natural,multifunction,no residual can provides a theoretical basis for the development of natural plant additive.Cinnamaldehyde can be used as a new feed additive to improve the palatability of feed,increase appetite,improve digestion of livestock and poultry feed utilization rate so as to promote and improve the animal growth performance,and make the quality of animal products to be greatly improved.The study was aimed to estimate the effect of plant essential oil premix which was composed by eugenol and cinnamaldehyde on the production performance and carcass quality,nutrient apparent digestibility and immune function of Cherry Valley ducks,which to provide scientific evidence for its clinical application.1.Effect of plant essential oil premix on the production performance and carcass quality of Cherry Valley DuckSelected 200 healthy Cherry Valley ducks of 1 day old to randomly divide into high dose group of plant essential oil premix(200 mg·kg-1),middle dose group(100 mg·kg-1),low dose group(50 mg·kg-1)and the blank control group,50 for each group.Then to estimate the effect of plant essential oil of different doses on production performance and carcass quality of Cherry Valley Ducks after a test cycle of 42 days.The results showed that the average daily gain of each dose group was higher,meanwhile the ratio of feed and meat was significantly lower which respectively decreased 11.87%,6.51%and 3.75%,compared to the blank control group.There was a relationship between the effect and dose,which was lower ratio of feed and meat with higher dose.For each group,the slaughter rate respectively increased 2.03%,1.11%and 0.57%,and indexes such as rate of net chamber,rate of breast muscle,rate of leg muscle and rate of abdominal fat were significantly higher than the blank control group(p<0.05).The value of pH45 min and pH24h had no significant difference between each group(p>0.05),but the values of L,a and b of each dose group were higher than those of the blank control group.Compared to the blank control group,each group's hydraulic system was higher,while the shear force was significantly lower(p<0.05).For each group,the T-SOD level was higher,but the level of MDA was significantly lower(p<0.05).General results showed that diets of Cherry Valley Duck added with plant essential oil premix could significantly enhance the daily gain,greatly promote the rate of feed conversion,improve the carcass performance and obtain meat of high quality and available color.The recommended dose was 100 mg plant essential oil premix per 1kg feed.2.Effect of plant essential oil premix on the apparent digestibility of nutrients of Cherry Valley Duck200 healthy Cherry Valley ducks ofl day old were chosen to randomly divided into high dose group of plant essential oil premix(200 mg·kg-1),middle dose group(100 mg·kg-1)and low dose group(50 mg·kg-1)and blank control group,50 for each group.On the early test of 16?21 days and later test of 37?42 days,10 healthy ducks with similar weight from each treatment group were chosen to carry out metabolic test according to ad libitum total fecal collection,and determine the apparent digestibility of nutrients.The results showed that apparent digestibility of nutrients like dry matter,crude protein,crude fat and crude ash of each dose group on both the early and late test were higher than those of the blank control group.The digestibility of nutrient increased with the increase of dosage of plant essential oil premix.The results above indicated that the plant essential oil premix could improve the apparent digestibility,and the recommended dose was 100 mg plant essential oil premix per 1kg feed.3.Effect of plant essential oil premix on immune function of Cherry Valley Duck200 healthy Cherry Valley ducks of 1 day old were chosen to randomly divided into high dose group of plant essential oil premix(200 mg·kg-1),middle dose group(100 mg·kg-1)and low dose group(50 mg·kg-1)and blank control group,50 for each group.Five Cherry Valley ducks were randomly taken from each treatment to sterile blood 5 ml which with heparin sodium anticoagulation from those wing veins in the 14d,21 d,35 d,42 d,respectively,to detect the lymphocyte transformation rate in peripheral blood by the method of MTT.Selected five Cherry Valley ducks randomly from each treatment group to be weighed both in the day of 21 and 42,slaughtered to collected immune organs.Weighed the fresh after sucked blood,eliminated the fat and attached membrane,then calculated the index of immune organs.The results showed that the value of OD570 of each dose group was significantly higher than that of the blank control group(p<0.05).For each dose group,the weight of immune organs on both the day of 21 and 42 were significantly higher compared to the blank control group(p<0.05),and there was significant difference between each dose group(p<0.05).The immune organs index on the day of 21 and 42 of each dose group was higher than that of the blank control group,which increased with the increasing dose.The results above indicated that the plant essential oils premix could promote the lymphocyte proliferation of peripheral blood which was from Cherry Valley Duck,greatly promote the immune organs'grow up,and enhance its immune function.Recommended dose was 100 mg plant essential oil premix per 1kg feed.