Molecular Phylogenetics Of Iris L. In Sichuan Based On TrnL-F And RbcL Markers

Iris L.is a large genus in Iridaceae using in ecological rehabilitation,gardens and traditional medicine.The family Iridaceae is an ancient taxa with rich genetic variation,in which its classification system has been controversial.Chinese Iris species are about 60 species 13 varieties 4 forms with extensive distribution,in especial the southwest and northwest in China.23 species and 2 varieties were included in Sichuan province that located in southwest distribution center of China.In this study,we collected 19 species and 5 varieties of Sichuan's Irises,and taken steps to protecting and conserving these germplasm resources.Meanwhile,we have made researches on phylogenetic taxonomic and evolution by trnL-F,rbcL gene.The main results were as follows:1.The trnL-F phenotypic clustering conformed to classification system of Zhao(1985),and certified the monophyletic of Iris genus.Subgenus Limniris was complicated in origin and genetic relationship between species,in which Iris loczyi Kanitz maybe a differentiated race.In this study,we supported exist of Subgen.Ophioiris and Subgen.Pardanthopsis.Meanwhile,we found that Subgen.Nepalensis was a natural taxon.But classification of Subgen.Iris was confused which Iris mandshurica Maxim.from Sect.Hexapogon was clustered in Sect.Iris.Subgen.Crossiris also was confused,in especial the location of Iris proantha Diels.2.According to phylogenetic trees of trnL-F and rbcL,morphology datas and previous researches,we made summaries of disputed species.Iris confusa Sealy had closer relationship with Iris japoesnica Thunb.than that with Iris wattii Baker,and I.wattii had more close relationship with Iris tecturom Maxim..Clustering trees results supported Iris lactea Pall.var.chinensis was a synonym of Iris lactea Pall..Iris goniocarpa Baker var.tenella Y.T.Zhao and Iris goniocarpa were very close,suggesting it was a synonym of I.goniocarpa.However,Iris goniocarpa Baker var.grossa Y.T.Zhao was distant with I.goniocarpa,so we supported it was separate species.Iris sichuanensis Y.T.Zhao and Iris leptophylla Lingelsh.were very close,so we supported it was a synonym of I.lep'tophylla.Iris ruthenica Maxim.and Iris ruthenica var.nana Maxim.Was clustered in same clade,so we supported the latter was a synonym of the former.3.Based on trnL-F dates,populations of L confusa was abundant intraspecific genetic variation,and 11 populations of I.confusa was divided into four groups.Habitats of four groups were no significant differences,but the morphology differences were obvious,speculating that the evolutionary process of I.confusa mightn't be affected by habitats.The four group has less geographical differences than the morphological,and we speculated that evolutionary process of I.confusa wasn't.influenced by geographical distribution.The genomic affinities was related to morphological differences.I.tecturom had 12 populations,and also was cluster to four group.These populations' relationship and phenotypic were obviously related to geographical distribution,in which altitude may be an important environmental factor.