Study On The Effect Of Commercial Organic Fertilizer On Main Fertility Characters Of Tropical Humid Ferralsols In Hainan Province

With the increasing intensification of agriculture in China, the heavy use of chemical fertilizer has led to the decline of soil quality. Because organic fertilizer can improve soil quality, it has attracted much attention. Compared with traditional organic fertilizer,commercial organic fertilizer is widely used because of its simple preparation and convenient transportation. Although organic fertilizer has been developed vigorously, it has a wide range of sources and complex composition, so further studies are needed to guide agricultural production practice. 102 commercial organic fertilizer samples in Hainan province were collected, and their composition and nutrient status were analyzed, 6 kinds of organic fertilizers with different compositions were screened out for soil culture experiment, 7 kinds of commercial organic fertilizers of different sources were applied to banana, wax gourd, in order for further study about the influence of commercial organic fertilizers on the main fertility traits of Hainan tropical moist Ferralsols during its production practice process.The main conclusions of this study are as follows:(1) From the analysis of main nutrients and effective fertilizer composition of organic fertilizer, the distribution range of physical and chemical properties and nutrient elements is large, physicochemical properties such as fresh water, pH, organic matter content, ash content and humic acid content was 1.4% ? 67.9%,3.41 ? 9.49, 8.36% ?83.01%,22.81%?85.67%, 85.24 ? 871.49mg/kg; range of N,P205, K20, Ca, Mg, S,Fe and Mn content are: 0.24% ?10.16%,0.21% ?7.10%,0.19% ?8.48%,0.02 ?3.37g/kg, 0.03 ?0.78g/kg,0.60 ?2.48g/kg,0.34 ?17.65g/kg,0.01 ?0.27g/kg. Except the fresh water content and Ca content,the distribution characteristics of the other indexes all accorded with the normal distribution.(2) All the 6 kinds of organic fertilizers made of different raw materials have improved soil fertility and environmental quality compared with the blank photograph ratio after one year of cultivation. The 6 kinds of commodities organic fertilizers significantly improved the soil organic matter, total nitrogen, alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium and pH value, meanwhile reduced soil bulk density,increased field water capacity and total soil porosity. Algal organic fertilizer and fish protein, soybean meal and organic manure improved the soil significantly better than other fertilizers. The application of seaweed organic fertilizer and fish meal protein organic fertilizer treatment significantly improved the soil organic matter, chicken manure organic fertilizer and shrimp peptide amino acid organic fertilizer treatment increased more on soil potassium and phosphorus, application of fish protein soybean meal organic fertilizer treatment increased soil N. Algal organic fertilizer, fish protein and soybean meal organic manure significantly increased soil pH, and significantly reduced soil bulk density and field water capacity.(3) The organic fertilizer of 7 different raw materials used in banana and wax gourd fields was determined, the nutrient status,physical and chemical indexes of the soil and yield were improved after the treatment. Among them, pH, soil organic matter, total nitrogen, alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium were all improved. In the experiment of banana field fertilization, the yield treated with 7 kinds of commercial organic fertilizer were all increased compared with the contrasting of treatment, and unidentified sources organic fertilizer increased the most. The economic benefits of chicken manure treatment were increased most, followed by shrimp peptides amino acids refined organic manures treatment. In the experiment of wax gourd field fertilization, application of 7 kinds of commercial organic fertilizer can increase the yield of melon compared with CK treatment, the shrimp peptide refined organic fertilizer treatment increased the most, followed by chicken manure. Shrimp peptide amino acid refined organic fertilizer, chicken manure, double chelating organic fertilizer treatment increased economic benefits more than blank CK , among them, shrimp peptide refined organic fertilizer treatment increased the most. The cost of two kinds of fertilizer,unidentified sources organic fertilizer and algal organic fertilizer, is higher, and the net income decreases greatly.