| Konjac(Amorphophallus Blum.)belonging to the family Araceae,is the only source ofthe Konjac Glucomannan(KGM),which has an extensive application value in the fields of pharmaceutical,petroleum,chemical industry,environmental protection and aerospace,etc.In recent years,with the rapid rise and development of health care and environmental protection industries,the demand for konjac powder-the preliminary processing products of Amorphophallus konjac continues to increase.In this case,manufacturing enterprises' demand for the raw material always exceeds supply.As the source of industry chain,large-scale and specialized cultivation of konjac crops has attracted increasingly extensive attention.Being located in the core area of world konjac germplasm resource diversity Yunnan enjoys exceptional advantages of superior environment and resources and occupies an important position in China's konjac industry.Over the years,konjac industry has been always an important part of Yunnan plateau featured agriculture,which plays an important role in increasing the income of farmers,and optimizing the agricultural production structure,etc.Konjac industry in Yunnan is also facing a lot of problems that need to be solved urgently.Due to the large numbers of mountains in Yunnan,rolling hills,significant differences in altitude,obvious dimensional climate,great distinctions in farmland conditions,together with other problems such as germchit types,species germplasm,etc.,issues like the quality,output,benefit,etc.reflected by konjac planting in various areas have been very prominent.It is proved that localized blocking and regional scale is a konjac cultivation management mode that meets the mountainous environment of Yunnan.It's the only way for the development of Yunnan's konjac industry in the future,meanwhile,this special cultivation management mode also makes a higher requirement for cultivation decision and information management of Yunnan konjac.This research aimed at the actual need of Yunnan's konjac industry development and oriented by the scale,refinement and intensification development demand,this study takes the modern agricultural information technology as the entry point and selects seven konjac varieties with great economic value as the research objects.It implements a comprehensive evaluation for the growth range and productive potential of konjac in Yunnan's mountainous environment based on the Geographic Information System(GIS)and the Ecological Niche Modeling(ENM).On this basis,it also carries out the R&D and establishment of information monitoring and rapid reporting platform for Yunnan's konjac cultivation based on Microsoft Visual Studio and ArcGIS Engine.The following results have been achieved through the above work:1.We have first to select seven konjac varieties with important economic value:A.muelleri,A.albus,A.rivieri,A.dunnii,A.yunnanensis,A.ximengensi,A.paeoniifoliu,and collate the resource distribution in China and southeast Asia systematically so as to establish the resource spatial distribution database.2.Based on the Ecological Niche Factor Analysis(ENFA),we explore the demand for the growth environment of the above konjac deeply and confirm that the range of temperature is an important factor that affects konjac planting areas.Results showed that most konjac varieties are suitable for planting in the areas with smaller temperature difference,monthly average value of day and night temperature(Bio 2)and the ratio of day and night temperature and annual temperature difference(Bio 3)are the main impact factors for konjac planting areas.Different konjac varieties show significant differences in temperature and humidity requirement:A.albus and A.rivieri prefer to spread over the areas with less annual rainfall,while A.dunnii,A.yunnanensis,A,ximengensi,A.paeoniifoliu prefer to grow in the areas with more annual rainfall and better humidity condition;high-temperature condition is the necessary environmental factor for growth of the most konjac except A.albus and A.rivieri;the minimum temperature of the coldest month(Bio 6)is an important environmental factor for the distribution of suitable planting areas for A.muelleri,A.albus,,A.dunnii and A.yunnanensis.3.We are first to carry out refinement and quantitative analysis of the suitable planting areas for Yunnan konjac based on geographic information system and the environmental climate data.The results show that there are significant differences and complementarity between the seven konjac varieties in the suitable planting areas of Yunnan:the suitable growth areas for A.muelleri are mainly in southwestern Yunnan and southern Yunnan valleys,it also shows certain fitness in Jinsha river valleys;A.albus is the only variety that suitable for being cultivated in northeastern Yunnan among the seven varieties;the suitable planting areas for A.rivieri are in plateau area of central Yunnan;the suitable planting areas for A.dunnii are located in southeastern Yunnan with Wenshan as the core;there are broader suitable plating areas for A.yunnanensis in Yunnan,and larger suitable areas exist in both central Yunnan and southwestern Yunnan;the suitable areas for A.ximengensi are mainly in south Yunnan;the suitable areas for A.paeoniifoliu ares exist in southeastern and south Yunnan.Most konjac varieties spread over low altitude valleys in Yunnan province,varieties that suitable for being cultivated in south and southwest Yunnan are abundant,while varieties in north and west Yunnan are fewer.Through the superposition analysis,it is found that the species suitable for planting konjac in Yunnan is increasing from north to south.Longling County,Shidian County,Changning County,Jiangcheng County,Jinggu County,Shuangjiang County,suitable for planting more species.In the northwest of Yunnan and the central region of Yuanmou County as the center of the region is not suitable for planting varieties.4.Using C#programming language combined with Arcgis Engine for secondary development and taking VS 2010 as the development platform,we establish a management system for konjac cultivation in Yunnan with the component-based GIS technology.We complete the design of the whole functions and system database in konjac cultivation system so as to realize a comprehensive and full-course monitoring and rapid reporting of the key information such as the konjac's growth status and output,climate condition,floods and droughts,pest disease and weed,etc.as well as provide information assurance for large-scale,refinement and intensive development of konjac industry in plateau mountainous environment.Referring to the research,the results of the study not only provide information for the follow-up research of konjac planting areas,but also provide a kind of intensive management method for the varieties unsuitable for intensive farming,which can be used as a reference for the industrialization of konjac cultivation and has a distinct theoretical and practical significance. |
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