Genome-wide Association Analysis Of Handle Vascular And Plant-type Traits In Maize

Corn is an important food crop in the world and in our country.It is also an important industrial raw material,which plays an important role in ensuring national food security.The breeding of elite new varieties is the guarantee of continuous production of maize in China.The vascular root of the spikelet is the main channel of the maize photosynthesis to the grain and plays an important role in the physiological process of the maize "source-flow-sink".At the same time,the plant-related traits are closely related to the planting density of maize,which determines the yield of the population to a certain extent.In this study,a set of genotype-rich maize-related populations from Huazhong Agricultural University was used to analyze the relationship between vascular bundles and plant-type traits in maize.The main research methods and results were as follows: 1.A total of 208 significant SNP markers were detected by using 558,629 SNP markers with 368 maize-related populations.Among them,including the number of small vascular bundles,The number of large vascular bundles,the number of the total vascular bundles,the length of the total vascular bundle,the length of the earstick,the diameter of the earstick,the radius of the ear handle,the total area of the cross section,the total vascular bundle density,large vascular bundle density and small vascular bundle density were mapped to8,7,25,24,29,22,1,11,9,9,25,23,15 significant SNP sites.2.By searching for candidate genes in the range of 20 Kb upstream and downstream of the SNP association site of the vascular stalk of Lod> 5.0,there were 73 genes with 38 annotations.There was a MYB transcription factor-related gene mybr41 in the vicinity of GRMZM2G150260,and the known genes hb75 and prh13 were searched in the vicinity of the significant number of total vascular bundles GRMZM2G001289 and GRMZM2G134628.The known gene c3h23 was found near the GRMZM2G475017 that is significant association with total vascular area,and there were related genes Zm MYB111 and Am MYB148 in the vicinity ofAC183950.2-FG002.3.With 247 maize related populations were in Zhengzhou and Xunxian respectively to the total leaf number,leaf number above the ear,the ear leaf number and total leaf number ratio,plant height,ear height,ear height and height ratio of 6 plant type traits were investigated,the results showed that the genotype with the environment and genotype environment interaction were significant.By using a mixed linear model in Tassel5.0 software,at the significant level of P<0.0001,a total of 542 SNP markers were detected in 6 characters,including 164 SNP markers in maize total leaf number related,including Zhengzhou 62,Xunxian 102,67 leaves above the ear with significantly associated SNP markers including Zhengzhou,15,Xunxian 52,44 SNP markers and total leaf number above the ear leaf number ratio,including Zhengzhou 10,Xunxian County 34,51 strains of SNP labeled high significant correlation,including Zhengzhou 19,Xunxian County 32,78 ear high significant correlation of SNP markers,including Zhengzhou 54,Xunxian County 24,138 ear height and plant height ratio SNP markers significantly associated,including Zhengzhou 84,Xunxian County 54.4.A total of 126 candidate genes with functional annotations were searched by searching for candidate genes in the range of 20 Kb upstream and downstream of the SNP-related loci of LOD> 4.0,and the number of leaves in Zhengzhou was significantly correlated with the significant number of leaf markers GRMZM2G099522,and the gene mads14 may be related to regulation of plant flowering.There was a gene CYP701A3 near the SNP marker site GRMZM2G107003 associated with the total number of leaves.In Xunxian,yab5 gene is relevant to embryonic development and stress responses and it’s found nearby GRMZM2G116646 that is significant association with total leaves;the genes knox1 and amylose extender1 were found nearby GRMZM2G159431 and GRMZM2G032628 those were significant association with plant height/ ear height,in both cases,knox1 had the function of maintaining plant apical meristem and is associated with the development of plant leaves,however,amylose extender1 was relevant to the soluble sugar content of maize kernels.The panicle height was significantly associated with the SNP marker GRMZM2G090528 found near a candidate gene Os SET1.