Design And Test Of The Electric Controlled Burying-fertilization Weeder For Paddy Field In Double Row

Rice is the main food crop in China.Fertilization and weeding in paddy fields is an indispensable link in rice cultivation.Perations of traditional fertilization and weeding have many problems such as repeat procedures,serious environmental pollution,and low fertilizer utilization.Combine the agronomic characteristics of deep fertilisers and weeding between rows.By means of theoretical analysis,computer simulation and experimental research,etc.An electric controlled deep fertilizing machine for paddy field in double row that could complete deep fertilization and weeding between rows at a time was designed.The main research content is as follows:(1)Based on theoretical analysis,the key components of burying fertilizer device such as fertilizer box,spiral steel wire,fertilizer-amount-controlled device and so on are determined in this paper.The stress analysis and fertilizing process simulation analysis of the fertilizer-amount-controlled device give theoretical driving torques of the fertilizer box DC motor,the stepping motor and the anti-blocking device DC motor,which provides the basis for the selection of the controlling system motor of the burying fertilizer devices.To select the driving components of the control system,to code based on microprocessor STC89C52,to design the infrared remote control circuit,to programme the infrared sending and receiving circuit by software KeilμVision~?4,and then to realize the infrared regulation and control of the driving motor in burying fertilizing device.(2)Structure models of key components are established.This paper analyzes the root characteristics of rice and weeds and the soil environment in fields designs the driving wheels weeding wheels and depth-plate structure combination with the actual agronomy requirements,and determines the main structural parameters.It also provides the basis for the type selection of the motor and the main gearbox of the complete machine,by the stress analysis of the electrically controlled burying-fertilization weeder for double-row paddy and the maximum driving torque of the driving wheels derived by the stress analysis above.The electric control power system of burying fertilizing weeder is selected,including a500W permanent magnet brushless DC motor,a 60V Chaowei lithium battery with 25Ah capacity,and a handle with 12U 99V common digital display.The transmission system of the complete machine is designed with a XiYuan worm gear reducer(Rate:1:50,Type:RV40)as the main gearbox and a side transmission gear box whose ratio is 1:1.The structure of the complete machine is designed,the working principle of the whole machine is expounded,and the main technical parameters of the machine are determined.(3)A fertilizer performance test bench is built with the help of JPS-12 seed metering device performance test bench.According to NY/T 1003-2006"Technical Specification for the quality Evaluation of Fertilizer Machinery",the fertilization capacity,the stability of fertilization amount,the fertilization uniformity and other performances are detected.The fitted regression equation between the opening diameter of burying fertilization device and the average fertilization amount is obtained by analyzing the test data by Design-Expert software.The results of data analysis shows that the performance meets the specification ofmechanical quality evaluation of fertilization.By the quadratic orthogonal rotation combination experiment and the data analysis by Design-Expert software,the effect laws of each factor combining on the average fertilization amount and the variables of the the fertilization stability is obtained.The optimum parameters combination of opening diameter of the fertilization amount control device and stepping speed under the condition of a routine fertilization amount with a rate of 60kg/hm~2.(4)Field experiment of the complete machine is carried out.According to the NY/T 1003-2006"Technical Specification for the quality Evaluation of Fertilizer Machinery",the breaking rate,the size of fertilization position and the fertilization amount are tested.And the weeding rate and stepping speed of the weeder are selected as the test parameters.The field single factor weeding experiment is then carried out.The results shows that the electrically controlled burying-fertilization weeder for double-row paddy field is light and easy to operate,with reasonable structure,stable performance and low the energy consumption.The fertilization breaking rate is 2.5 cm,the average fertilization depth is 5.98cm;the qualified rate of fertilization depth is 90%;the results of the deviation of fertilization are all less than 5.63;the performance of burying fertilization meets the technical standard of fertilization mechanical quality evaluation;and the weeding effect shows well with a 75%weeding rate,which meets the agronomic specifications of burying fertilization and weeding of rice.