| To study the growth condition of Chinese dwarf cherry in loess hilly-gully region,the loess hilly-gully region were selected as the test areas,which were located in Liuyu town,Liulin County,Luliang city,Shanxi Province.Five-year-old Chinese dwarf cherry own-rooted plants and three-year-old cutting plants(variety 'Nongda-4' and 'Nongda-7')were chose as test materials.The own-rooted plants were planted in seven test sites(included the dam land,the terrace,the trench in sunny slope,the trench in shady slope,the soft ridge in sunny slope,the hard ridge in sunny slope and the vertical weir),the cutting plants were planted in the dam land of the same region and Taigu County,Shanxi Province.The aerial and underground growth characteristics,leaf characteristics and fruit yield and quality of Chinese dwarf cherry were surveyed and analyzed thereafter.Membership function method and adaptability coefficient method were also used to comprehensively assess the adaptability of Chinese dwarf cherry.The results were as follows:(1)The comprehensive adaptability ranking of Chinese dwarf cherry in different site types of loess hilly-gully region in Luliang Mountain:dam land>terrace>trench in sunny slope>trench in shady slope>soft ridge in sunny slope>hard ridge in sunny slope>vertical weir.The membership function comprehensive ranking on aerial and underground growth characteristics were as follows:dam land>terrace>trench in sunny slope>soft ridge in sunny slope>trench in shady slope>hard ridge in sunny slope>vertical weir.The site types were categorized into three groups according to the different degree of average values on Chinese dwarf cherry growth.The results showed that Chinese dwarf cherry grew well on the first group of sites(including the dam land,the terrace and the trench in sunny slope),grew less well on second group of sites(including the soft ridge in sunny slope,the trench in shady slope and the hard ridge in sunny slope)and the vertical weir was the least ideal site for Chinese dwarf cherry.On the dam land,the average plant height,length and diameter of new basal shoot were 80.57 cm,60.24 cm and 3.04 mm respectively,which were significantly higher than those of other sites.The average crown width,collard diameter,root quantity,root diameter,rhizome quantity and rhizome diameter of Chinese dwarf cherry planted on the vertical weir were 45.02 cm,9.49 mm,3.60 mm,0.33 and 0.27 mm respectively,which were significantly lower than those of other sites;Chinese dwarf cherry on the vertical weir also had the highest withering index of basal shoot(70.00%),the slightly lower withering rate than the hard ridge in sunny slope and the highest average root-shoot ratio(9.81:1).The membership function comprehensive ranking on leaf characters were as follows:dam land>terrace>trench in sunny slope>trench in shady slope>soft ridge in sunny slope>hard ridge in sunny slope>vertical weir.The site types were lassified into three groups according to the different degree of average values on drought adaptablity of Chinese dwarf cherry.Chinese dwarf cherry had the greatest adaptation on the first group(the dam land,the terrace and the trench in sunny slope),followed by the second group(the trench in shady slope and the soft ridge in sunny slope)and the third group(the vertical weir and the hard ridge in sunny slope).The dam land had the highest membership function value(0.81)and the leaf area of plants grown on this site were slightly lower than those of on the trench in shady slope(13.86 cm2)and no significant differences were observed between these two sites;The hundred leaves thickness,leaf water content,Chlorophyll content,net photosynthetic rate and proline content were 35.87 mm,57.78%,2.05 mg·g-1,15.77?mol·m-2·s-1 and 75.5?g·g-1 respectively which were the highest among all sites.The vertical weir had the lowest value of membership function(0.21)and the water use efficiency of plants grown on this site were lower than those of on the hard ridge in sunny slope.The soluble sugar content were lower than those of on the soft ridge in sunny slope;The leaf area,hundred leaf weight,hundred leaf thickness,leaf water content,Chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate were 4.60 cm2,6.94 g,18.03 mm,51.99%,0.64 mg·g-1,10.80?mol·m-2·s-1 respectively,which were the lowest among all sites.The membership function comprehensive ranking on fruit yield and quality were as follows:trench in sunny slope>dam land>trench in shady slope>terrace>hard ridge in sunny slope>soft ridge in sunny slope(the vertical weir had too little fruit,no sorting).No significant differences on the membership function value were observed among six sites,meaning that fruit quality of Chinese dwarf cherry in these different sites had their own upsides and downsides.The trench in sunny slope had the highest value of membership function(0.70),soluble protein and fruit vitamin C contents were 1.17 mg·g-1 and 105.84 mg/100g respectively,which were the greatest among all sites,while the yield per plant,average fruit weight,vertical diameter and transverse diameter of fruits were less than those of on the dam land.The membership function value of the dam land was 0.61,lower than the trench in sunny slope;the yield per plant,fruit number per plant,average fruit weight,vertical diameter and transverse diameter of fruits were 503.23 g,70.00,7.19 g,22.57 mm and 26.24 mm respectively,which were the greatest among all sites.The fruit hardness,total sugar content and sugar-acid ratio were the greatest(9.25 kg·cm-2,1.51%and 0.98)of the plants on the hard ridge in sunny slope although its membership function ranking was low,which were significantly or extremely significantly higher than those of other sites;However,its total acid content(1.53%)was extremely significantly lower than that of other site types.(2)Adaptability evaluation of two Chinese dwarf cherry varieties 'Nongda-4' and 'Nongda-7' in loess hilly-gully region in Luliang Mountain were carried out and the results were as follows:The comprehensive adaptability coefficients of 'Nongda-4' and Nongda-7' were the same(0.73),indicating that both of the two varieties had good adaptability.The adaptability coefficient of withering were the lowest among all eight coefficients,and the 'Nongda-4'(0.22)was lower than 'Nongda-7'(0.32)The adaptability coefficient of fruit internal quality were the greatest among all eight coefficients,the coefficients of 'Nongda-4' and 'Nongda-7' were 1.18 and 1.11 respectively,suggesting that the fruit internal quality of 'Nongda-4' and 'Nongda-7' planted in Luliang Mountain were improved comparing with Taigu.The adaptability coefficient of fruit appearance quality for 'Nongda-4' and 'Nongda-7' were 0.96 and 0.93 respectively,meaning that the fruit size(vertical and transverse diameter)of 'Nongda-4' and'Nongda-7' planted in Luliang Mountion were slightly smaller than in Taigu.The adaptability coefficients of leaf morphological were greater than that of the leaf physiological for 'Nongda-7'and 'Nongda-4'.The adaptability coefficient of underground growth for 'Nongda-7' was greater than 'Nongda-4',meaning that the root system and rhizome generating condition for 'Nongda-7'were better than 'Nongda-4';The adaptability coefficients of aerial growth(0.6)and fruit yield(0.5)showed little differences between'Nongda-4' and 'Nongda-7',suggesting that the aerial growth of 'Nongda-4' and 'Nongda-7' planted in Luliang Mountain were about 60%of those in Taigu,moreover,the yields of these two varieties in Luliang Mountain were about 50%of those plants in Taigu. |
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