The Study On Effects Of Transgenic Glyphosate-resistant Soybean On The Ecological Environment

In recent years,China's technology develops rapidly and transgenic technology increasingly matures at the international forefront.In this era of science and technology leading the development,transgenic crops which have more excellent target genes come out and have gradually changed the world agricultural planting pattern.The economic and social value created has made outstanding contributions to modern agriculture of the whole human society.Due to the fact that the average area of cultivated land is less in China and the soybean planting area has been declining in recent years,soybean output in 2014 is only 11.8 million tons which only meets 15%of the demand.Faced with the huge market demand of 1.3 billion people,the domestic soybean is far from self-sufficient,and its import volume is about 80 million tons.It has become an agricultural product with the most prominent contradiction between supply and demand in China.But China is the original country of soybean,with rich soybean germplasm resource to create the advantage of quality.We can combine quality varieties with current science and technology to develop soybean varieties with excellent properties of independent intellectual property,and select excellent and high quality soybean with high yield through transgenic means.We also can stimulate its maximum productivity with limited land resources,reduce the use of labor productivity,the use of pesticide and their dependence on foreign imports of soybeans.Whether from the sustainable development of the world or the future trend of the development of modern agriculture,it is particularly important for our country to develop genetically modified soybean with independent intellectual property rights.It is of great theoretical and practical significance to improve the environmental safety release data of transgenic soybean and to provide powerful basic data support for our country's development of transgenic soybean industry in the future.The paper is based on the bioexperiment method,using the transgenic G2-EPSPS and GAT bivalent gene glyphosate-resistant soybean ZH10-6 which was derived from the independent intellectual property rights of ICSCAAS,and corresponding parent Zhonghuang 10(ZH10)as the test material,to study the changes of enzyme activity and microorganism quantity in soybean rhizosphere soil at different growth phenological phasesn in different years;aiming at whether there is a risk of weedy under different sowing methods in the survival competition of glyphosate resistant transgenic soybean in wasteland,to explore whether the growth process has an effect on the diversity of arthropods in natural ecology,in order to establish a comprehensive and systematic farmland ecological security evaluation system which provides a scientific basis for the commercialization of glyphosate-resistant soybean in China.The main results are as follows:1.Compared with receptor and conventional cultivated soybean,the fluctuation trend of soil microorganism quantity of glyphosate-resistant soybean ZH10-6 in different years was similar,and,the transgenic glyphosate-resistant soybean had no significant effect on the number of root system soil microorganism in different growth stages.2.The fluctuation trend of soil enzyme activity was similar among different years,and the activities of urease,invertase and dehydrogenase in soil were not affected by the transfer of G2-EPSPS and GAT genes under the survey of three consecutive years.3.There are 8 kinds of weeds in Beijing Shunyi Experimental Base.Through the combination of different sowing methods and different sowing periods,the transgenic soybean ZH10-6 and the conventional cultivated soybean had no risk of evolutionary weed in the survival competition in wasteland.4.Transgenic soybean ZH10-6 had no significant effect on arthropod diversity in the field,and it was consistent with the field arthropods richness of the conventional varieties.