| In this study,rapeseed,barley,milk vetch,ryegrass,and hairy vetch were compared in order to evaluate the feed characteristics of rapeseed.At the same time,the yield and quality of 12 rape strains were compared,in order to select the rapeseed varieties with the prospect of feed application.The rapeseed seed processing test,sowing time density test,harvesting times and fertilization experiment were set up with high yield and high quality rapeseed Huayouza62 as the main research object.This paper summarized the effective cultivation techniques of feed rape direct seeding,suitable sowing time and density,simplified fertilization and timely harvesting.The main findings are as follows:1.Selection of varieties materials for forage useThe average fresh weight of 6-3914,16-P35 and 15P24mu was higher compared with the control(Huayouza 62),and the average dry weight of 15-Lanfan1,16-P35 and6-3914 exceeded the control;among all the varities,16-P32wai,16-P35wai,6-1907,6-2660 and 15-Lanfan1 had relatively lower water content in the aboveground biomass.Based on comprehenisve analysis of fresh weight,dry weight and water content,the16-35wai was more suitable for feed yield of rapeseed.2.The seed germination rate and the final seedling rate can be significantly improved by sharpening the Rui Sheng coating of rapeseed seeds.Different materials treated with rapeseed seeds,sowing on October 9th,the 5th day began to emerge,the 6th day of emergence of the fastest,the seedlings after the emergence of Rui Sheng coating faster than the control.The 10th day after sowing,the rate of Rui Sheng coating seedlings was significantly higher than that of control 20.9percentage point;The final seedling rate of the 50th day after sowing was 55%,significantly higher than that of control 18.5 percentage point.sowing on February 12th,the 10th day after seeding,the 12th day emergence of the fastest.The emergence rate of Rui Sheng coating was significantly faster than the control.The seedling rate of Rui sheng treatment on the 15th day after sowing was significantly higher than that of control15.9 percentage point;The final seedling rate was 48.9%,significantly higher than that of control 15.7 percentage point after sowing on the 30th day after seeding.The rapeseed seeds treated with different materials were sowing in autumn and in spring respectively,and the emergence rate and final seedling rate of the Rui Sheng coating treatment were significantly higher than that of the control.The results showed that the seed germination rate and the final seedling rate could be significantly improved by treating rapeseed mixed with Rui Sheng coating.3.Forage rape suitable early sowing is advantageous to obtain higher feed yield,different sowing time optimum density has the differenceThe results of the two-year experiment showed that the yield of the forage rape sowing date of September 20th and September 30th was increased first and then decreased with the increase of density.Forage rape suitable early sowing is advantageous to obtain the higher feed yield,To obtain higher biomass yield above 60000kg/hm~2 the suitable sowing time in late September until October 10th.Suitable density is 600,000plants//hm~2-750,000 plants//hm~2.4.Forage rape can obtain higher biomass yield from mid-December to late April by circulation harvestingForage rape can begin harvesting in mid-November.In the processing of different cycle harvesting time,the first harvest time is December 18th,the second harvest time is March 26th,and the third harvest time is April 30th,the fresh weight and dry weight yield are higher.5.The effects of different fertilization times,harvesting times and harvesting methods on the total production of forage rape were different.Under three harvest conditions,the total dry weight production of one top dressing treatment was significantly higher than that of two topdressing treatments,and the total dry weight production of two top dressing treatments was significantly higher than that of three top-dressing treatments.The yield of fresh stems and leaves was 45971.33-105290.33 kg/hm~2 under the conditions of different topdressing times and harvesting methods.Under the same top dressing conditions,the average biomass yield of three harvesting methods harvested in the first harvest was left three leaves,and the leaves were paid attention to,and the difference reached a significant level.The yield of three leaves can reach the highest96216.89kg/hm~2,and the average yield of one top dressing is 105290.33kg/hm~2,which is higher than that of paying attention to the leaf and the way to the heart.The harvesting method of the leaves of the heart is obviously unfavorable to the regeneration of rapeseed,and the yield of the second harvest is greatly reduced.the total yield was also significantly reduced.The cumulative yield of fresh weight was 76285.33 kg/hm~2,78695.00 kg/hm~2 and77005.56kg/hm~2 respectively.6.Forage rape yield significantly higher than Chinese milk vetch and Vicia villosa Roth.Compared with the harvest of February 27th,the yield of rape and Vicia villosa Roth was reduced,and the growth of milk vetch and ryegrass was increased.Different feed materials are suitable for harvesting period is different.If only harvest one time,rapeseed harvest before late March,its fresh weight production in various crops are the highest,barley in February harvest biological production second only to rape,ryegrass in March-April biomass rapid growth,April more than rape biomass,milk vetch and Vicia villosa Roth in March harvest biological yield higher.If harvested two times,rapeseed can obtain higher fresh weight yield in early March and two times in mid-April.Ryegrass and barley harvested two times by the end of March and mid-April were able to obtain high fresh weight yield.From February 27th to April 18th,the average protein content of the Vicia villosa Roth rose by 6.52%,but the average protein content of rapeseed,milk vetch and ryegrass decreased obviously,63.62%,29.11%and 27.16%respectively,and the protein content of rapeseed decreased most obviously.Therefore,to obtain higher protein content of rapeseed,can be harvested before late February. |
PDF Full Text Request