Identification Of Genes Relevant To Pesticides And Biology From Global Transcriptome Data Of Monochamus Alternatus Hope(Coleoptera:Cerambycidae) Larvae

Monochamus alternatus Hope is the main vector in China of the Pine Wilt Disease caused by the pine wood nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus.Although chemical control is traditionally used to prevent pine wilt disease,new strategies based in biological control are promising ways for the management of the disease.However,there is no deep sequence analysis of Monochamus alternatus Hope that describes the transcriptome and no information is available about gene function of this insect vector.We used next generation sequencing technology to sequence the first,second,third and fourth instar larvae transcriptome of Monochamus alternatus Hope and successfully built a Monochamus alternatus Hope transcriptome database.In total,103,123 unigenes were assigned for Gene Ontology(GO)terms,information for 16,290 classified unigenes was obtained in the Clusters of Orthologous Groups(COGs)database,and 43,004 unigenes matched with 214 predicted pathways in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome(KEGG).In addition,genes related to putative insecticide resistance-related genes,RNAi,the Bacillus thuringiensis receptor,intestinal digestive enzymes,possible future insect control targets,immune-related molecules,lignocellulose and nonreceptor olfactory gene families are described.Moreover,phylogenetic trees of intestinal digestive enzymes,lignocellulose and nonreceptor olfactory gene families were constructed.Finally,gene expression and bioinformatics analysis of Bacillus thuringiensis related hydrolysis protease were conducted.This study provides valuable basic information that can be used as a gateway to develop new molecular tools for Monochamus alternatus Hope control strategies.