Effects Of Different Raising Seedling Substrate On Rice Seedling Quality And Post-planting Growth

In order to explore the feasibility of using agricultural wastes,which are mainly residue and cow dung,as the substrate for raising seedlings,and the effects of different physical and chemical properties of rice straw on the growth and development of seedlings.This study mainly included the following two experiments:(1)The seedling raising experiment was carried out by using different proportion of substrate of dregs of Chinese herbs,cow dung and straw as materials.The effects of different seedling substrates on the comprehensive quality of seedling and the growth and yield formation of mechanically planted rice field were studied.(2)The effect of straw substrate on the growth and physiological characteristics of rice seedlings under different pH and organic fertilizer conditions based on straw substrate.The main results were as follows:(1)The results of the experiments of different proportions of straw,dregs of Chinese herbs and cow dung showed that the two groups showed that: volume ratio(40% dregs of Chinese herbs + 10% straw + 25% peat + 20% red soil+ 5% vermiculite)and volume ratio(60% dregs of Chinese herbs + 10%cow dung +25% red soil +5% vermiculite).The two matching substrates had the best performance on seedling raising.The seedlings grew faster,the aboveground traits,root indexes and the dry matter accumulation were the best,and showed good performance,the physiological activity was high,and the seedling quality was the best.(2)In the case of raising rice seedlings with different organic fertilizers based on straw substrate.In general,the effect of organic fertilizer substrate is better than or equal to that compound fertilizer,and the nitrogen content of organic fertilizer for 100 L straw substrate is not less than 75 g.The amount of substrate nitrogen of 75g/100 L treatment was the best on leaf and root dry matter,culm base width,seedlings plumpness,and strong seedling index.However,the upper limit of nitrogen uptake needs to be further tested.Experiments on rice straw substrate with different pH treatments showed that the seedlings were most suitable for growth on substrates of pH 5~5.5,and the partial acid or partial alkali was not suitable for the growth of roots.The leaf color of seedlings growing on the substrate of pH5 and pH 5.5 was green and pseudo-stems are broad,roots grew well,and it was beneficial to dry matter and nitrogen accumulation,and improved the seedling plumpness and seedling index.(3)The difference in the effects of different cultivars was significant,among all treatments,volume ratio(60% dregs of Chinese herbs +15% cow dung + 20% red soil +5% vermiculite)had the best seedling quality,and the leaf output speed was fastest and the leaves were wide.The chlorophyll accumulation was high and the stems were strong.In the roots index,the rooting power and root oxidative power of the treatment were significantly greater than other treatments,and the dry matter accumulation was better thanother treatments as well.The seedling plumpness and seedling strength index and nitrogen content were higher than other treatments.(4)After transplanting the seedlings cultivated in different seedlings substrates into the field,the performance of the seedlings was also very different.volume ratio(60% dregs of Chinese herbs +15% cow dung + 20% red soil + 5% vermiculite)treatment had good seedling quality,strong rooting ability,high oxidizing ability in the roots.This treatment can shorten the time of returning to green after transplanting to the field and did well in increasing grain yield.At the same time,the accumulation of dry matter of the treatment was large and it had the highest accumulation of dry matter in the mature stage which indicated that the treatment was beneficial to the accumulation of dry matter in the population at the field stage.The increase in population accumulation of dry matter provided sufficient material guarantees on the number of panicles,spikelets per panicle,seed-setting rate.Compared with the contrasts,volume ratio(60% dregs of Chinese herbs +15% cow dung + 20% red soil + 5% vermiculite)treatment significantly increased the number of panicles and spikelets per panicle and the effect of increasing yield is obvious and the grain yield is the highest.