| Experiment 1 Production performance and glucose metabolism characteristics of different breeds of chickenSilky silky chickens(Silky for short)and AA broilers were fed to the age of 49 days,the production performance of 1 to 49 days old silky chickens and broiler was compared,the results show that:The daily gain and weekly weight of broilers were significantly higher than that of silky chickens.The results of slaughter at the age of 49 days showed that:The musculogastric index,glandular gastric index,pancreas index,bursa index,thymus index and abdominal fat rate of silky chickens were significantly higher than those of broilers(P < 0.05).The percentage of pectoralis muscle and leg muscle in broiler was significantly higher than that in silky chicken(P < 0.05).The serum biochemical indexes of 49-day-old silky chicken and broiler were as follows:The levels of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase,creatine kinase,total protein,total cholesterol,triglyceride,high density lipoprotein and low density lipoprotein in silky chicken were significantly lower than those in broiler chicken(P < 0.05).However,the serum glucose concentration,white ball ratio and uric acid in broilers were significantly lower than those in silky chickens(p < 0.05).it shows that there are differences in lipid metabolism and liver function between the two varieties.Fasting blood glucose levels in silkie and broiler chickens showed:Fasting blood glucose of silky chicken increases with age,the fasting blood glucose at 42 and 48 days of age was significantly higher than that of 0 and 21 days old;There was no significant difference in fasting blood glucose between broilers at different ages(p > 0.05).Glucose tolerance tests were carried out on silkie and broilers at 21 and 42 days of age after fasting for 16 h.The experimental group was fed with glucose solution on an empty stomach(2 g/kg),control group fed distilled water(10 ml/kg).The results show that:after the silkie chicken is filled with the glucose solution,blood sugar levels peak after 15 min.Broilers are rising relatively slowly,there is a delay in the time to reach the peak.In the process of falling blood sugar,the silkie chicken is faster than the broiler.the results showed that the tolerance to glucose of silkie chicken was better than that of broiler.At the age of 48 days,insulin sensitivity was observed in 16 h silkie and broiler chickens.0 to 120 min to stay fasting,subcutaneous abdominal injection of insulin in the trial group(80?g/kg),the control group was subcutaneously injected with pbs solution.The results show that:The plasma glucose concentration of both silkie and broiler decreased linearly.there were significant differences in blood glucose concentrations between the two varieties from 15 min onwards,the blood sugar concentration of the silkie decreased faster than that of the broiler.the blood glucose concentration of silkie was significantly higher than that of broiler(P < 0.01).At 120 minutes,the blood sugar of both breeds reached the lowest level.The blood sugar level of the silkie is 4.07 mmol / L,and the blood sugar concentration of the broiler is 2.47 mmol / L,the difference was very significant(p < 0.01).120 min recovery feed supply,the concentration of blood sugar in silkie increased more rapidly,but the blood sugar concentration of broiler chicken does not change much,tt showed that broilers were more sensitive to insulin.Analysis of pancreatic tissue structure of two breeds of chicken at 49 days of age,the results show that:The ratio of pancreas,islet and the number of islets on single slice of silkie were significantly higher than that of broiler(P<0.05),this may indicate a stronger insulin secretion in silkie.Experiment 2 Effects of feeding restriction on performance and glucose Metabolism of broilersThe main material of the experiment was broiler.According to the different feeding conditions,they were divided into free feeding group,control group,restricted feeding group 1 and restricted feeding group 2.Free intake of free eating group and control group during the whole trial period;All the groups were fed at 8-21 days of age,Group 1 was fed only from 8:00 to 13:00,Group 2 was fed only from 8:00 to 18:00,the rest of the day(1-7 days and 22-49 days old)is free to feed.The results of broilers showed that:At 21 days of age,at the end of the feeding restriction,the daily gain of the free feed group >that of the control group 2 > that of the control group 1(P < 0.05),feed restriction reduced daily gain of broilers.After resuming free food intake at the age of 21-42 days,the daily gain of the feed restriction group was significantly higher than that of the free feed group(p < 0.05),the results showed that the compensatory growth was carried out in the control group.The results of serum biochemical indexes at 49 days of age showed that:Among different groups,alkaline phosphatase in the two groups was significantly higher than that in the free feed group(p < 0.05),the ratio of Cereal grass / glutamic acid in the control group was significantly lower than that in the free feed group(P < 0.05),and that in the control group was significantly lower than that in the free feed group(P < 0.05).The serum glucose levels in group 1 and group 2 were significantly higher than those in group 1 and group 2,fasting blood glucose in group 1 was 12.79 mmol / L,and in the free feed group,the lowest was 7.71 mmol / L,the fasting blood glucose of broilers was increased by feeding restriction.The effects of feeding methods on glucose tolerance were studied at 21 and 42 days of age.Free feeding group,limited feeding 1 groups,limited feeding 2 groups of fasting 16 h after feeding glucose solution(2 g/kg),the control group was fed with distilled water(10 ml/kg).Studies have shown the peak value of feed restriction group was earlier than that of free feeding group,the results showed that glucose tolerance was impaired in the free feeding group,dietary restriction may improve glucose tolerance in broilers.At the age of 48 days,insulin sensitivity of broilers who fasted for 16 hours was studied,abdominal subcutaneous injection of insulin(80?g/kg),the concentration of blood sugar in both groups decreased linearly,blood glucose levels in the free feed group reached a minimum of 2.47 mmol / l.120 min recovery feed supply,glucose concentrations in the free-fed group began to rise slowly,no change was found in group 1. |
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