| In the present experiment,we aimed to investigate the effects of adding selenium-enriched yeast and Bacillus subtilis in diets on growth performance,serum biochemical indexes,nutrient apparent digestibility,digestive enzyme in pancreas,rumen fermentation parameters,pancreatic of intestinal mucosal morphology and intestinal flora of Hu lamb as experimental animal,in order to provide the experimental basis for the scientific application of probiotics in ruminants.Twenty-one Hu Lambs weighted?9.65±0.38?kg were divided into control group,selenium-enriched yeast group and Bacillus subtilis group,7 lambs per group.The feeding period lasted for 28 days.The results were as follows:1.Compared with the control group,the initial weight of lambs in the selenium-enriched yeast group and Bacillus subtilis group had no significant difference?P>0.05?,but the end weight was greatly improved?P<0.01?.The average daily feed intake wasnotsignificant?P>0.05?,buttheratioofFeed/Gain?F/G?significantly reduced?P<0.05?.2.The serum contents of IgA,IgG,IgM,IL-6,GSH-Px were significantly increased?P<0.05?,and the serum contents of MDA was significantly reduced in the selenium-enriched yeast group and Bacillus subtilis group?P<0.05?.The serum contents of IL-1 in selenium-enriched yeast group was significantly increased,and the contents of SOD,GSH-Px were significantly higher than that in control group?P<0.01?.The contents of IL-2 and IFN-?in Bacillus Subtilis group was significantly higher than that in control group?P<0.05?.3.The apparent digestibility of crude protein,acid detergent fibre and neutral detergent fibre were significantly higher in selenium-enriched yeast group and Bacillus Subtilis group?P<0.05?,and the apparent digestibility of dry matter was significantly increased?P<0.01?.The apparent digestibility of crude protein in selenium-enriched yeast group and crude fat in Bacillus Subtilis group were significantly increased?P<0.05?.4.Compared with the control group,the lipase of pancreas in Bacillus Subtilis group and the trypsin of pancreas in selenium-enriched yeast group were significantly increased?P<0.05?.Thepancreaticamylasewasnosignificant differencein selenium-enriched yeast group and Bacillus Subtilis group?P>0.05?,but there was an upward trend.5.Compared with the control group,the concentration of NH3-N,acetic acid,propionic acid,isobutyric acidand n-butyric acid in the rumen fluid in selenium-enriched yeast group and Bacillus Subtilis group were significantly increased?P<0.05?.The iso-valeric acid and n-pentanoic acid in the rumen fluid in the selenium-enriched yeast group and Bacillus subtilis group were not significantly different?P>0.05?.6.The villus height of duodenum,jejunum and ileum was significantly higher in selenium-enriched and Bacillus subtilis group than in control group?P<0.05?,while crypt depth was significantly decreased than control group?P<0.05?.The villus height to crypt depth ratio significantly increased than control group?P<0.01?.7.At the Class level,the numbers of Actinobacteria and Clostridia in selenium enriched yeast group and Bacillus subtilis group were significantly increased?P<0.05?,and the number of Deltaproteobacteria was significant decreased?P<0.05?.At the Order level,the numbers of Bifidobacteriales,Methanobacteriales and Coriobacteriales were significantly increased?P<0.05?,and the number of Clostridiales was significant decreased?P<0.05?.At the Family level,the number of Bifidobacteriaeae was significant increased?P<0.05?.At the Genus level,the number of Bifidobacterium,Butyrivibrio,Bulleidia,Lactobacillus were significantly increased?P<0.05?.At the Species level,the numbers of Oscillospira,Clostridium,Coprococcus,Desulfovibrio were significant decreased?P<0.05?,and the Megasphaera in selenium-enriched group was significantly increased?P<0.05?,the Methanobrevibacter in Bacillus subtilis group was significantly increased?P<0.05?.The above results show that the supplement of selenium-enriched yeast and Bacillus subtilis can significantly improve growth performance,decrease the feed conversion rate,increase the contents of immune and antioxidant indices in the serum,enhance digestive function and improve intestinal flora. |
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