| In order to solve the problem of poor uniformity of sowing and poor control stability of sowing depth under high speed operating conditions,based on the systematic analysis of dry direct seeding technology of rice at home and abroad,a dry direct seeding technique for rice is proposed in this paper,and the key components of the spiral groove seed device and the single body imitation mechanism are systematically studied.A rice dry direct seeder has been developed and field trials have been carried out.The main research results are as follows.(1)the physical properties of different rice varieties were measured,including geometric size,1000 grain weight,water content and natural rest angle.The ratio of Huahang Simiao,Xiangyaxiangzhan and Huang Huazhan's long and short axes were 4.21,4.09,4.01respectively,and the shape and size of the three varieties were elongated,and the ratio of the long and short axis of Ningjing 43 was 2.10.The shape and size are round.Ningjing 43 has the heaviest grain weight and Huang Huazhan's natural resting angle is the smallest.(2)a rice spiral grooved seed device is designed.According to the physical parameters of rice,the radius of the spiral groove is 7mm,the number of grooves is 10,and the diameter of the slot wheel is 60mm.The performance test was carried out.The single factor test was carried out on the spiral angle,the rotation speed of the seeding wheel,the opening degree of the spiral groove wheel and the rice seed.The results showed that the variation coefficient of the seed metering volume at different speeds of 10~50r/min:straight groove>spiral groove(30 degree)>spiral groove(10 degree)>spiral groove(20 degree),the spiral groove arrangement stability is good,the pulse phenomenon can be reduced,the speed of the seed metering wheel and the screw speed and snail can be reduced.There is a significant linear correlation between the opening degree of the rotary groove wheel and the seed metering.The seeding quantity can be controlled by adjusting the rotation speed and the opening degree of the spiral groove wheel,and the sowing amount can be adjusted in the range of60~450kg/hm~2.The variation coefficient of the seed metering capacity of different rice seeds is less than 2.6%,which is in line with the industry standard of the JB/T9783-2013 sowing machine.It is required.(3)a kind of rice hole forming device is designed.The device is carried out by the spiral groove seed metering device.The rice seed enters into a hole forming device through the guide tube and is discharged through the acupoint device.The experimental results showed that the rate of seed bed belt,the higher the planting height and the effect of rice seed on the distance of the acupoint and the number of the acupoints,the order of the effect on the distance of the acupoint was the height of the seed,the speed of the rice seed and the bed zone,and the order of the influence of the number of the acupoints was the height of the seed,the speed of the seed bed and the rice.(4)a spiral grooved seed device direct seeding machine for rice is developed,and a spiral groove seed device can be used to reduce the pulse phenomenon.The problem of poor stability of sowing depth control can be solved by using the copying device to cover soil and suppress the pressure.The overall design of rice high speed precision dry direct seeder was carried out,and the structure and basic dimensions of power transmission,parallel four bar and disc trenching device were determined.(5)a field experiment was carried out on a spiral grooved seed device dry direct seeding prototype of rice.The field experiment in Zengcheng teaching and experimental base of South China Agricultural University in Guangdong showed that the simulated dry direct seeding was 9.6%more than that of artificial sowing,and the overall drought live direct seeding was 4.01%more than that of artificial sowing,indicating that the imitating form of dry direct seeding was more beneficial to the direct seeding of rice;The output of the corresponding mu yield at 1.5m/s,2.5m/s and 3.5m/s was 430.1kg,415.56kg and 408.29kg respectively.The output of the integrated dry direct seeding at 1.5m/s,2.5m/s and 3.5m/s operation was 408.29kg,385.27kg and 392.54kg.Field trials were carried out in Neimenggu,Ningxia,Heilongjiang and Shandong for integrated direct seeding machine.The production test data showed that the output was 10%increased compared with the traditional artificial sowing,and the output was slightly higher than that of the machine.However,the mechanical dry direct seeding was time-saving,further verified the superiority of the dry direct seeding machine,and verified the feasibility of the application in the field. |
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