Production And Application Of Improved Biomass Material In Panax Notoginseng Cultivation

Panax notoginseng is a valuable Chinese herb and endemic in China.Due to the continuous cropping obstacle(CCO),the emergence rate of P.notoginseng is very low and the root rot disease is very serious.The CCO of P.notoginseng has become the main barrier restricting the sustainable production of P.notoginseng.At present,many researches show that the CCO of P.notoginseng is due to the microbial disease in soil,these researches mainly focuse on the mechanism of CCO of P.notoginseng while the application studies are lacking.Biomass materials have obvious application value in coping with soil-borne disease,but until now it has been less applied to the cultivation of P.notoginseng.On the basis of reported researches,agricultural wastes such as walnut shells,peanut shells,buckwheat hulls,corn and flue-cured tobacco were used to product biomass materials.These biomass were cutted into 10-15 mm and mixed to produce soil biomass improvement material A and biochar fertilizer B.The type A material was produced by the method of biological decomposition agent with stacking fermentation while type B material was product by the method of bio-carbonization.These two type of materials were applied to the P.notoginseng cultivation to explore the effect of such materials on the emergence rate,incidence,soil physico-chemical factors and soil enzyme activities of P.notoginseng and try to find solutions for the CCO of P.notoginseng.This research involves three aspects.First,the preparation of biomass fermentation material A and biochar substrate fertilizer B.Second,the effects of these biomass materials on soil pH,cellulase,protease,dehydrogenase,phosphatase,urease activity,EC value and the concentration of salt ions concentration of continuous cropping soil of P.notoginseng.Third,six treatments(F(ternary compound fertilizer),FA(ternary compound fertilizer + type A biomass material),FB(ternary compound fertilizer + type B biochar matrix),AB(type A biomass material + type B biochar matrix),FAB(Ternary compound fertilizer + A-type biomass material + B-type biochar matrix)and CK(without any fertilizer and matrix material))was establishedto explore the effect of type A and B biomass materials on the P.notoginseng emergence rate,incidence rate and the soil quality improvement.The results shown that biomass material significantly increased the emergence and survival rate of P.notoginseng.Compared with CK and F treatments,plots which added with biomass material the emergence rate of P.notoginseng increased significantly(P < 0.01)and increased to 40.63%-52.45%.The survival rate of seedlings increased by 72.3%-81.7%,and FB treatment was slightly higher than FA treatment by 0.1%.This could be explained that biological material changed a variety of soil physical and chemical properties,thereby affecting the soil-borne disease activity of P.notoginseng.Compared with CK and F treatments,root rot incidence rate decreased by 69.46%-78.4% while no seedlings survived in CK and F treatment groups without biomass material additions in 4 months.The relative effects of each treatment on the control of P.notoginseng soil-borne diseases was FAB> AB> FA>FB> F> CK.This study developed a new methods for the utilization of agricultural solid waste resources by the development the two type biomass materials and shown a good inhibitory effect on the soil-borne diseases of P.notoginseng,thus,provided a new way to the control of soil-borne diseases in the sustainable production of P.notoginseng.