Effects Of Main Cultivation Measures On Physiological Characteristics And Tea Quality

Tea plant is an important economic crop in China,the quality of spring tea is good and the price is high,but the yield is low,people can through increase the yield and quality of spring tea,so as to improve the economic benefits of tea.Fertilization and leaves conservation methods have important influence on the yield and quality of tea.Therefore,it is helpful to explore the scientific and reasonable tea plant cultivation measures to promote the development of tea industry.In this experiment,three kinds of fertilization treatments were set up and with no fertilization as control(CK),the effects of different fertilization treatments on the growth,yield,quality and photosynthetic physiological characteristics of tea plant were studied;Set the spring,summer,autumn three leaves conservation season,The effects of different leaves conservation season on the photosynthetic physiological characteristics of tea plant were studied.Analysis of the tea plant growth index,yield,biochemical component content and photosynthetic physiological indexes,got the conclusion as follows:(1)Three kinds of fertilization treatments have the effect of promoting the budding time of spring buds in advance,the weight gain of 100-bud weight,improve the density of germination and tea production.Among them,the fertilization treatments A(basal fertilizer + sprouting fertilizer)works best.Fertilization treatment A(basal fertilizer + sprouting fertilizer)on the spring tea nutrient phenophase early onset effect is more significant,compared with the control earlier 4d,early than other fertilization reatments in advance 1-3 d;the fertilization treatments A(basal fertilizer+ sprouting fertilizer)on tea plant new shoots germination density,weighs hundreds of bud and yield were the highest,respectively,compared with the control increased by 20.53%,7.15%,26.61%.(2)The three kinds of fertilization treatments can improve the content of water extract,the content of amino acid and the content of water-soluble carbohydrate to some extent,and reduce the content of tea polyphenols,the content of flavonoids and the ratio of polyphenols to amino acid in tea;Considering various containing ingredients,the fertilization treatments A(basal fertilizer+ sprouting fertilizer)was the most significant effect to improve the quality of the tea.Compared with the control without fertilization,the contents of water extract,amino acid and water-soluble carbohydrate were increased by 2.24%,31.79% and 17.70% respectively.The content of tea polyphenols,flavonoids,caffeine content and phenol Ammonia ratio decreased by 17.28%,13.21%,21.27%,37.23% respectively.Indicating that fertilization treatment A(basal fertilizer+ sprouting fertilizer)can significantly improve the quality of tea,reduce the bitter taste of tea to improve the taste and aroma of tea.(3)Three kinds of fertilization treatments could improve net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance and transpiration rate of tea plant leaves,and decrease the concentration of intercellular carbon dioxide to a certain extent.Among them,the fertilization treatment A(basal fertilizer+ sprouting fertilizer)have the biggest impact on tea tree leaves photosynthetic characteristics.The fertilization treatment A(basal fertilizer+ sprouting fertilizer)of tea tree leaves net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance and transpiration rateincreased by 23.50%,46.07% and 32.85%,respectively,while the intercellular carbon dioxide concentration decreased by 8.15% compared with the control without fertilization.Therefore,the fertilization treatment A(basal fertilizer+ sprouting fertilizer)can significantly improve the photosynthesis of tea plant leaves,reduce the respiration,thereby increasing the storage of organic matter in tea plant,the material base for high yield and good quality of tea plant.(4)In the spring,autumn reserved leaf on the net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,transpiration rate and chlorophyll content of tea plant leaves were the highest,and the concentration of carbon dioxide was the lowest.Therefore,in order to improve the yield of spring tea,should reserve leaves in autumn(at the end of September).Based on the results of all aspects of the experiment,it can be considered to improve the yield and quality of spring tea cultivation measures are the fertilization treatment A(basal fertilizer + sprouting fertilizer)and reserve leaves in early autumn(end of September).