The Effect Of Different Cultural Practice To Production And Quality Of Fanmai 5

The results from Rotational Regression Experimental of five factors (sowing date, seeding rate, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) indicated that as sowing date delayed production increased significantly and reached maximum value when sowing date was Oct. 20th, but production reduced when sowing date was after Oct. 20th. As population increased, production increased significantly, and as nitrogen increased, production increased significantly also, and reached maximum value when amount of nitrogen was 600kg/hm~2, then production decreased as nitrogen increased. As phosphorus and potassium increasing, production increased significantly, but effect of phosphorus is higher than effect of potassium. The optimum factor combination of the maximum production (10684.2kg/hm~2) is sowing on Oct. 5th, population with 75×104/hm~2, nitrogen with 750 kg/hm~2, phosphorus with 1500kg/hm~2, and potassium with 600kg/hm~2. The factor combination of 344 designs with production above 9000kg/hm~2 is sowing on Oct. 14 to 15th, population with 159.9×10~4 to178.2×10~4/hm~2, nitrogen with 525.15 to 565.2 kg/hm~2, phosphorus with 1191 to 1272.3 kg/hm~2, and potassium with 450 to 485.1 kg/hm~2. The most influential factor to quality is nitrogen, and the second is interaction of population and nitrogen. The influence of each factor to protein, wet gluten and sedimentation value is consistent. The influential factors to gluten index are sowing date, population and nitrogen. The number of designs with protein content above 14% is 800, the number of designs with wet gluten content above 32% is 12, and the number of design with sedimentation value higher than 40ml is 250. The factor combinations of all design are consistent, and which are sowing on Oct.15th, population with 337.5×10~4 to 375×10~4/hm~2, nitrogen with 450 to 750 kg/hm~2, phosphorus with 750 kg/hm~2, and potassium with 300kg/hm~2. The number of design with gluten index above 60% is 15, and the factor combination is sowing on Oct 16th, population with 225×10~4/hm~2, nitrogen with 400.05kg/hm~2, phosphorus with 750 kg/hm~2, and potassium with 300kg/hm~2. Increasing amount of nitrogen can improve protein contents, but can not improve the wet gluten contents and gluten index easily, indicating that there are contradictions between high production and high protein content and between high protein content and gluten quality. Sowing on proper date, proper population, feasible nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium can reach high production and high quality at the same time. Plant height is affected significantly by sowing date, population and potassium, and ear length and area of flag leaf are affected by sowing date, population, nitrogen and phosphorus. The influential factors to fertile small spike, length of flag leaf, available tiller and lodging index are sowing date, population and nitrogen, and the influential factors to sterile spikelet are sowing date, population and phosphorus. Number of grain per ear and tiller number before winter are affected significantly by sowing date and population. The influential factor to thousand-kernel-weight is nitrogen. Width of flag leaf is affected significantly by population, nitrogen and phosphorus, and number of productive ear is affected significantly by population, nitrogen and potassium.