Introduction And Cultivation Techniques Of Pot Chrysanthemum Florescence Of Zhongshan Series In Guangzhou Area

Chrysanthemum morifolim refers to low Dendranthema mofifoliuma in the composite family,belonging to perennial flowers.Due to its flower diameter is shorter,it is also called pot chrysanthemum,which is popular potted flower with high ornamental values in recent years.Potted pot chrysanthemum can be applied in flowers laying projects of municipal administration,flower bed and square with large social demand in New Year?s Day and Spring Festival.However,at present,there are no flowers that are natural florescence blooming in New Year?s Day and Spring Festival.The cultivation study of pot chrysanthemum in Guangzhou area is not much,so the research of the regulation technique of pot chrysanthemum florescence will provide experiences and references for production of pot chrysanthemum in Guangzhou area.In order to satisfy the demand and production guidance of pot chrysanthemum in different periods,the study tries to make pot chrysanthemum bloom,before the National Day on October 1^st through short-day treatment.Moreover,it makes it late bloom in New Year?s Day and Spring Festival by means of supplementary lighting.In addition,it conducts the contrast test on the effect of different matrices on physiology and growth of pot chrysanthemum,but also it studies the effect of Paclobutrazol with different concentrations about growth of pot chrysanthemum and cutting.The main studies are as follows,（1）There are differences between different varieties of pot chrysanthemumafter short-day treatment.The short-day treatment induces flowering that it promotes anthocyanin formation.After treatment,the flower color of pink and purple varieties of pot chrysanthemumbecomes a little weak,while other varieties are the same color.These varieties of pot chrysanthemum with short-day treatment can form flower bud,normally bloom and advance florescence in order to make pot chrysanthemum bloom earlier in the the National Day on October 1^st.Different varieties of pot chrysanthemum with short-day treatment induce different development days of bud,therefore,the variety of early blossoming forms buds in advance.The development days of buds decide the early and late florescence.Three varieties of“Jingui”,”Xingui”and”Taogui”will conduct shading treatment on July 5^{t h} and 16^{t h} respectively in the experiment.After 77 to 88 days,there can bloom without any change of color in the National Day.All of them can get better performance.（2）The key point of supplementary lighting on late blooming lies in variety selecting and stopping the timing of supplementary lighting.The timing of stopping supplementary lighting should enter the short daylight according to stopping supplementary lighting until the day of blooming.It will be divided into several varieties of 6 weeks,7 weeks,8 weeks and 9weeks that their corresponding short-day days are 42,49,56 and 63 days respectively.What?more,the days of supplementary lighting should be reversed on the basis of the flowering time of pot chrysanthemum.For example,the supplementary lighting days of the variety of pot chrysanthemum with 6 weeks are 105 days during the period of August 7 and November 20.In production,the night supplementary lighting can delay the flowering time of pot chrysanthemum of Zhongshan series.In terms of required time of supplementary lighting to initial flowering,The paper classifies pot chrysanthemum and summarizes the main point of cultivating pot chrysanthemum on New Year’s day and Spring Festival.（3）The cultivation matrix decides the environment and the most basic condition of pot chrysanthemum growth.The contrast testindicates that the single matrix is harmful to rooting of pot chrysanthemum and growth of root,and the rooting situation of compound matrix is better.Compared with different matrix cultivating pot chrysanthemum,the most suitable matrix for enjoying cultivation is matrix peat soil:coco coir=1:1;moreover,the most suitable matrix for breeding pot chrysanthemum cultivation is matrix perlite:peat soil=1:1.（4）The proper usage ofconcentration of hormone ofpaclobutrazol plant can make plant compact and increaseornamental value,but it has to control usage time and dosage.In the aspect of controlling plant type,it should start to use the concentrations of 250mg/L every two weeks when entering the short daylight（or stopping supplementary lighting）.It can make plant compact by sprinkle three times in succession.In respect of delaying florescence,it should start to use the concentration of 500mg/L once a week when slower stalk begins to elongate.It can delay florescence by sprinkle twice times,but make flower diameter become small.（5）At present,it deals with the common hormone of cutting breed of pot chrysanthemum and regulator of plant growth in order to improve the survival rate of cutting.The rooting agent often uses NAA,nevertheless,the test found that the paclobutrazol with appropriate concentration also has a role in accelerating root growth of cutting.In terms of promoting the rooting rate and shortening the cutting time,it should use the concentration of 250mg/L for the sake of leaf surface appearing a layer of water film two weeks ago when planning cutting.After two weeks of sprinkling leaf surface,it has to clip the spike about 5cm for cutting.