| Aphidus gifuensis is a dominant natural enemy of Myzus persicae playing an important role in controlling Myzus persicae,and it has economic and environmental advantages to combate Myzus persicae by using of A.gifuensis.The system research on population fluctuation patterns of Myzus persicae and technology promotion of reproduction and release of A.gifuensis,can play a better economic,social and ecological benefits in the prevention and control of Myzus persicae,therefore,based on the research on population fluctuation patterns of Myzus persicae in Fenggang country,it has good pertinence,applicability and feasibility to study the reproduction techniques of A.gifuensis,and then find a suitable running and releasing mode according to local climatic conditions.The alate aphids migration peak appeared in early-mid May and late-mid June in Fenggang,and the interval between these two migration peak was 30 days or so,moreover,the rainfall was the restricting factor for alate aphids migration.In view of the Myzus persicae number in field,there were two populations peak,which occurred in late May and mid June,and the interval was also 30 days or so in general.The disease index of aphid transmitted disease showed a rising trend year by year.At 2015,the development rate and disease index were higher than those in the last two years,and the disease index peak at 2015was higher than 6 when they were less than 4 in 2013 and 2014.The natural enemies population peak of generally appeared within 10 days after the Myzus persicae peak.There was a stronger correlation between the fluctuation of A.gifuensis population and the variation of Myzus persicae population.From a release cost point of A.gifuensis,the release cost of mummified aphids reached58.5 yuan/hm~2,which was far lower than those at small arch shed and adult period,which were 183.45 yuan/hm~2 and 585.75 yuan/hm~2 respectively.From the release effects,there were good control effects at small arch shed,and the ratio of mummified aphid could reach20.79%in 25 days.Based on the overall evaluation of cost and effects,the Myzus persicae number,the mummified aphids number and the rate of mummified aphids at small arch shed mode were higher than those at mummified aphids seedling,nevertheless,considering the cost factors of demonstration and popularization,it was better to release A.gifuensis at mummified aphid seedling.After years of demonstration and promotion in Fenggang,the project of Myzus persicae controling by using A.gifuensis brought good comprehensive benefits to flue-cured tobacco production and big agriculture.The control effect showed as below,from 2013 to 2016,compared with the control area,the number of aphids in the demonstration area was reduced by 2.7 per plant,5.3 per plant,4.4 per plant and 4.1per plant,the number of mummy aphid increased 1.7 per plant,1 per plant,0.9 per plant and 1.2 per plant.By comparing the economic benefits,from 2013 to 2015,the total cost of the demonstration area was reduced by 166.2 yuan/hm~2,264.6 yuan/hm~2 and 302.4 yuan/hm~2 compared with control area,and the output value,new profits,new flue-cured tobacco leaf tax and new value-added tax of demonstration area was totally 3.1955 million yuan.On social point,from 2013 to 2016,the profits were more than 100 yuan/person/year,the profit in the past four years was 220yuan/person/year.From the point of view of environmental benefit,at 2016,the goal of no pesticides and pesticide residues in tobacco free detection was almost reached in flue-cured tobacco demonstration area. |
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