Study On Improving Alfalfa Hay Quality Based On Variety Characteristics And Harvesting Process

This experiment aims to screen high-quality alfalfa varieties with high yield,good nutrition quality,better utilization of livestock,and more developed root systems,and to explore the nutrient variations of alfalfa hay in actual production.The experiment was conducted through the following aspects:(1)Eight different alfalfa cultivars were used to pass the field plot test,and the yield and variety characteristics of each growth period were determined after research to determine the most high-yield and high-quality alfalfa varieties;Bag technology was used to determine the effective degradation rates of DM,CP and NDF in 8 rumen cultivars in the rumen,and a pot variety with high effective degradation rate was screened;(2)Screening was conducted by comparing and analyzing the two mechanical harvesting modes of the Corps.The best machinery for local forage harvesting.Its main conclusions are as follows:(1)In this experiment,the crude protein,initial moisture and crude ash content of all varieties were the highest in the branching stage,followed by the budding stage and the lowest in the early flowering stage;the content of acid washing fiber and neutral detergent fiber was the highest in the early flowering stage,budding.During the second period,the branching period was the least;the hay yield of the Matrix cultivar was the highest,reaching 22.52 t/hm~2.Compared with the hay yield of other glutinous cultivars,there was a significant difference(P<0.05);the varieties were different.The contents of nutrients in different growth stages were different.Comprehensive analysis of the 7-carp varieties of Prunus mume had the best nutritional quality during the three growing seasons.The ferulic acid esterase activities of the 8alfalfa cultivars were also different at each growth stage,with the lowest enzyme activity in the branching stage,followed by budding stage,and the highest enzyme activity in the early flowering stage.The highest enzyme activities in branching stage were 316FY and MHSY,which reached 8.97 U/ml and 8.81 U/ml,respectively.The highest enzyme activity in budding stage was 316FY,which reached 11.55 U/ml.The highest enzyme activity in early flowering stage was MFHY reached 14.40 U/ml.Under the same conditions in the external environment,there were differences in the root architecture between the different alfalfa varieties.The longest of the main roots is the Matrix variety,which has a length of 62.29 cm.The main root diameter of the 59N59 variety is 1.84 cm.The number of lateral roots of the 316FY variety was the highest,reaching 52,and the lateral root of the Matrix variety was the longest,reaching 32.25 cm.The root dry weight of the 59N59 cultivar was the highest,which was 24.00g;the MHSY cultivar had the largest root angle,which was 80.73�;the largest root volume was 59N59,which was 64.00ml.The root length of the neck disc of the 59N59 was the largest,which was 25.27cm,and the area of the root-neck disc was the largest,being 28.82cm~2.There was a significant difference in WSC content stored in roots of all alfalfa cultivars.The highest WSC content was 59N59,and the total root content was 5.02g;the comprehensive evaluation was performed by using fuzzy similar priority ratio method for each indicator of eight cultivars.The varieties of Matrix,MFHY and 59N59 are the most advanced,indicating that the three varieties perform best and the quality is good.(2)The analysis of the degradation of eight species of quail in the rumen showed that the effective degradation rate of quail DM in the rumen was the highest(55.78%),and the lowest rate of degradation of DM was 55V48(effective degradation).The rate is only 49.54%.The most effective degradation rate of alfalfa CP in the rumen was MFHY,which was 79.02%.Compared with other varieties,the performance was significantly different(P<0.05).The most effective degradation rate of NDF in rumen was MFHY,which was 39.83%,which was significantly higher than that of other species except Matrix,56S82 and59N59(P<0.05).After comprehensive evaluation of the effective degradation rate of DM,CP and NDF in eight rumen species,the comprehensive degradation rates of MFHY,Matrix and 59N59 were the best,and the comprehensive degradation rate of 316FY was the worst.(3)Based on the overall results of Trial One and Trial Two,Matrix yields,qualities,and degradation rates are the best combined and are most suitable for localized planting.(4)New Holland Machinery and CLAAS Machinery performed harvesting operations on alfalfa hay,respectively,and the nutrient contents of alfalfa were not changed much during the cutting stage.New Holland machinery had less nutrient loss for alfalfa during the sun drying and baling stage.Significantly lower than CLAAS mechanical mode.Therefore,the New Holland mechanical harvesting mode should be promoted to reduce the nutrient loss of alfalfa and provide high-quality forage for the development of animal husbandry.(5)The selection of alfalfa varieties is the basis of high yield and high quality forage production,but the harvest method is the main guarantee to realize the high yield and high quality of alfalfa.