Study On The Nutrient Cycling Of "livestock And Poultry-winter Potato" Planting And Breeding Mode In South China

"Livestock and poultry-winter potato" is a kind of planting and breeding mode,which is often used in South China.It not only has stable economic benefits,but also helps to solve the pollution caused by the waste of livestock and poultry breeding industry in South C hina.In this mode,the effect of organic fertilizer made from livestock and poultry manure on winter potato and soil nutrient balance should be investigated.This paper studied the effects of different manure source organic fertilizers on the yield and quality of potato and analyzed the nutrient cycle parameters and economic benefits of the mode,in order to provide basic information for the rational use of organic fertilizer in "livestock and poultry-winter potato" combination of planting and breeding mode.The effects of organic fertilizer on the yield,quality and nutrient cycling of potato were studied by pot and field experiments.The pot specification was 49 cm × 31 cm × 40cm(upper diameter × lower diameter × height).According to the recommended ratio in the testing formula about winter potato soil in South C hina and the soil nutrient content,the amounts of fertilizers applied per pot were N 7.2g,P2O5 2.4 g,and K2 O 9.6 g.The 100% of phosphorus was supplied by organic fertilizer in organic fertilizer groups,and the insufficient parts of N and K2 O were supplied with chemical fertilizers.The experiment included five treatments: the chemical fertilizer group F,half fermented layer manure group(S1),chicken manure organic fertilizer group(S2),pig manure organic fertilizer group(S3),and no fertilizer(CK).Each treatment was 3 replicates,each replicate was 10 pots with a total of 150 pots.A field trial was conducted in field areas with a cell area of 21 m2(7 m length,3 m width).The same amount of fertilizer was applied,and the fertilizer amount per cell was N 566.72 g,P2O5 188.91 g,and K2 O 787.11 g.The experiment included five treatments: the chemical fertilizer group F,chicken manure organic fertilizer 1 group(S1),chicken manure organic fertilizer 2 group(S2),pig manure organic fertilizer group(S3),and no fertilizer(CK),which was divided into 5 treatments,each of which had 3 cell areas with a total of 15 cell areas.The main findings were as follows:1 In the pot experiment,the potato yield was highest in group S1 with 3008.50 kg/667 m2(P < 0.05).Compared with CK and F groups,the potato yield increased by 68.30% and 33.30%,respectively.Commodity potato rate in S1 group was 91.69%,significantly higher than the other four groups(P < 0.05).Compared with CK group,potato crude protein content in S1,S2,and S3 groups increased significantly(P < 0.05).In the field experiment,the potato yield was highest in the S2 group with 2037.85 kg/667 m2,significantly higher than that of group CK(P < 0.05).Compared with CK and F groups,the potato yield increased by 64.01% and 14%,respectively.Commodity potato rate was highest in the S1 group with 87.23%,which was higher than CK and F groups(P < 0.05).Compared with group F,group S1,S2,and S3 potato starch content were significantly increased by 12%,11.38% and 10.64%,respectively(P < 0.05).2 The application of organic fertilizer would improve the accumulation of dry matter,nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium in potato plants than CK and F groups.In the pot experiment,soil organic matter,total phosphorus,available nutrient contents in organic fertilizer groups at the end of the experiment were significantly higher than that at the beginning of the trial(P < 0.05).In the field test,the soil organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,total potassium,and available nutrient content were significantly higher in organic fertilizer groups at the end of the experiment than the beginning of the study(P < 0.05).The application of organic fertilizer had no effect on the changes of zinc,fecal coliform,and Ascaris eggs in the soil(P<0.05).3 In the field experiment,the utilization rate of N,P,and K during one period and economic benefits were higher in the organic fertilizer groups than the chemical fertilizer group.After the calculation,considering the fertilizer was only utilised by winter potato and phosphorus was supplied only by organic fertilizer,96.63 and 797.90 hectares of land are needed for 10 thousand laying hens and 10 thousand pigs to consume all manure,respectively.In summary,compared with the application of chemical fertilizer,"livestock and poultry-winter potato" planting and breeding mode had the higher productivity of winter potato and nutrient utilization rate.Moreover,"laying hens-winter potato" planting and breeding mode was better.