The Comparative Analysis Of Antioxidant Activity And Flavonoid Compositions From Petals Of Four Rosa Species

Rosa rugosa Thunb.is a woody perennial flowering plant of the genus Rosa,in the family Rosaceae with vivid color and beautiful shapes.Rose petals are rich in nutrition and bioactive components,such as terpenoids,phenolic acids and flavonoids substances,etc.;flavonoids has a strong influence on biological activity and health care,such as anti-inflammatory,anti-allergic,antioxidant effect,which are strongly linked to the formation of flower color,auxin transport and the degree of resistance strength.China is one of the primary center of R.rugosa with abundant resources.In recent years,Chinese rose industry has been developing rapidly and the planting areas keep increasing year by year.A total of22 rose varieties in four species have been chosen to evaluate their antioxidant activities and compare different antioxidant activities of rose petals between different groups in order to explore superior antioxidant-resistance varieties;then the experiment using ultra high performance liquid chromatography（UPLC）method for rapid detection of flavonoids composition and content in roses,exploring the main components of the flavonoids extracts in rose petals and analyzing the correlation between flavonoids and antioxidant activity so as to provide theoretical basis for the comprehensive utilization of roses.Specific research results as follows:1.The antioxidant activities of 22 rose varieties in four species（China rose;R.damascene;R.centifolia;R.gallica）were determined with the evaluation of flavonoids contents,DPPH·,·OH^-and·O₂^-clearance methods.The results showed that 22 roses showed different·DPPH radical scavenging ability,and the differences were significant between four types of roses;China rose had the strongest DPPH·removal ability with IC₅₀value of 0.089 mg/mL and R.centifolia were the minimum of 0.0196 mg/mL.The scavenging ability of·O₂^-was significantly stronger than that of·OH^-scavenging ability,and the differences between·OH^-hydroxyl radical were significant in different groups.Rosa alba L.and R.damascene No.3 were strongest in the flavonoids content,DPPH·free radicals,·OH^-hydroxyl radical and·O2^-superoxide anion removal ability.Rosa alba L.,R.damascene No.3,R.morocco,Rosa centifolia L.and Rosa centifolia‘muscosa’were performed well in the respect of DPPH·free radical,·OH^-and·O₂^-scavenging ability.The DPPH·free radical,·OH^-and·O₂^-scavenging ability show significant difference in roses with similar flavonoids contents,which can be illustrated that the antioxidant capacity of rose also influenced by other non-flavonoids substances.2.The UPLC-DAD-Triple-TOF-MS method for the quantification of flavonoids in 22rose varieties was developed in this work,35 flavonoids substances in 7 categories have been detected,including 3 anthocyanin,Cyanidin,Pelargonidin and Peonidin;4 Flavonols,Isorhamnetin,Kaempferol,Quercetin and Rutin.The relative contents of total flavonoids were China roses（9538446.4）,which was significantly higher than other three rose varieties,then followed by R.gallica（6064075.8）,R.centifolia（4605049.5）and R.damascene（28235050.13）.The content of flavonoids in 22 roses were significantly different,and the depth of color was positively correlated with the relative content of flavonoids,and the flavonoid content decreased with the color of rose petals.In the composition of anthocyanin,Peonidin was significantly existed in the red varieties of China roses;Cyanidin was mainly existed in Rose cv.‘Crimson Glory’and other three groups of foreign rose varieties,which was significantly higher than other flavonoids components.In addition,the main flavonol substances of quercetin and kaempferol were also determined in roses,with relatively small differences in relative content.3.Correlation analysis between the flavonoid constituents and antioxidant capacity were also analyzed,the result showed different levels of correlation were existed between anthocyanins and flavonols with antioxidant activity in 22 rose varieties.Total contents of anthocyanins showed significantly negative correlation with DPPH·and·O₂^-clearance capacities;the total content of flavonols content showed significant positive correlation with·OH^-and·O₂^-clearance capacities.Flavonoids belong to polyphenols substance,and the antioxidant activity is combined with the joint action of polyphenols influencing by their total content or single component.For substances have been detected,the work way and ability of each component needs further research.