The Study On Lodging-resistant Properties And Regulation Mechanism Of Quinoa High-yielding Population In Yinshan Hilly Region Of Inner Mongolia

In view of the current situation of the reduced yield caused by lodging of quinoa varieties and the lagging of cultivation techniques in China,this study different genotype materials of quinoa were collected extensively,under dry conditions in Yinshan Hilly Region of Inner Mongolia,study the growth and development,mechanical characteristics,photosynthetic characteristics and material accumulation of different quinoa cultivars and the relation of yield formation,screening of new varieties of quinoa with high yield and resistance to pour.On this basis,system research of different planting densities on the agronomic characters,dry matter accumulation,mechanical characteristics,photosynthetic characteristics,physiological and biochemical indices,lodging rate and yield components of different types of quinoa cultivars were studied systematically,revealing physiological mechanism of resistance to lodging in quinoa population,define the suitable planting density range of quinoa against lodging population.The main conclusions are as followed:(1)The selection test of Field variety selected preliminarily several quinoa varieties with good lodging resistance and a high yield potential above 3750kg/hm~2.Their common characteristics are medium plant height,thick stalk,more branches,and large leaf area,cellulose and lignin were high,the stalk strength was large,the photosynthetic efficiency of leaves and the grain weight per plant were high,including six varieties of H4,C3,A4,LL-1,L5 and Z1.The above quinoa varieties can be widely promoted in the Yinshan Hilly Region of Inner Mongolia if they can be supplemented with reasonable cultivation techniques.(2)The main type of quinoa plant lodging is stem fold,the main period of lodging is maturity.Affected by the difference in planting density and varieties,lodging may occur early in the grain filling period.Plant height,stem diameter main,branch number stem,spike dry weight,dry weight per plant stalk,stem length per unit dry weight,mechanical characteristics,cellulose and lignin content closely related to the performance of quinoa stalk lodging,it is important indicator to assess the lodging resistance of stems.(3)The suitable planting densities of tall varieties of quinoa(LL-1)and dwarf varieties of quinoa K2 obtained the highest economic yield were 17.15×10~4plants/hm~2 and 15.33×10~4 plants/hm~2 in Yinshan Hilly Region of Inner Mongolia.In this reasonable density range,the quinoa plants were well-developed and the population structure was reasonable.The leaf area index and dry matter accumulation of the quinoa plants increased rapidly at early growth stage,and the photosynthetic efficiency of the leaves was higher.At the filling stage,the stalks were thick,the number of branches was more,and the area of green leaves,dry weight of stems,dry weight of stalks,the dry weight of stems per stem,the strength of stalks,the physiological indicators of resistance decreased slowly,maintaining a high population of material production capacity and strong stalk lodging resistance,which is the physiological basis for quinoa to achieve high yield.