| In view of the current problems of low yield of quinoa due to unreasonable sowing period and fertilization in China,as well as the lag of research on high-yield and high-quality cultivation techniques,this study set up different sowing periods and fertilization ratio experiments under dry farming conditions in Yinshan hilly area of Inner Mongolia The relationship between the growth process,agronomic traits,photosynthetic characteristics,material accumulation,nutrient absorption and utilization of quinoa under different sowing dates and fertilization ratios and the relationship with yield formation were studied,and the suitable sowing date for quinoa high-yield cultivation in this area was clearly defined Proportion of fertilization.Through two consecutive years of experimental research,the main results are as follows:The suitable sowing period of quinoa in the hilly area of the north foot of Yinshan Mountain,Inner Mongolia is from May 5 to May 15.As the sowing date was postponed,the emergence time and growth period of quinoa gradually shortened.Under the suitable sowing date,the plant height,stem thickness,main stem branch number,leaf area per plant,and population leaf area index of quinoa were higher than those of early sowing and late sowing;leaf SPAD value and photosynthetic rate were higher;early nutrition The growth time is shortened and the grain filling duration is extended,which ensures a higher dry matter accumulation in the later period,and the 1000-grain weight and grain yield are higher.The yield of quinoa grains showed a single-peak curve with the increase of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium application.The degree of impact on yield was:nitrogen fertilizer＞ phosphate fertilizer＞ potassium fertilizer.The apparent utilization rate of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium fertilizers,and the agronomic efficiency also showed a single-peak curve with the increase of application rate.The absorption of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium for each 100kg of quinoa grain produced is 2.7kg,1.4kg and2.8kg,respectively.Based on the local basic fertility and density of 62000 plants/hm2 Comprehensive analysis believes that the suitable nitrogen application rate（pure N）for quinoa in high-yield hilly areas of Inner Mongolia is 117.9-143.4kg/hm2（30%is used as seed fertilizer and 70%is used as top dressing）,and the phosphorus application rate（P2O5）is 103.2-114.5kg/hm2,the amount of potassium application（K2O）is 51.5-59.1kg/hm2. |
