Effects Of Nitrogen Management On Grain Yield And Quality Of Different Wheat Varieties

In order to explore the suitable nitrogen levels and the time of nitrogen application in Central Shaanxi area of winter wheat.The through the field experiment,the main different varieties of winter wheat were studied under different N fertilizers and different nitrogen application time,the growth,yield and dry matter,yield and quality,nitrogen use efficiency.The wheat Xiaoyan 22 and Xinong20 were used to study:The test set N1(0N),N2(180kg/hm~2,fertilizer as base fertilizer a fertilizer as base fertilizer,N3(180kg/hm~2,50%as base fertilizer,50%at jointing),N4(240 kg/hm~2,fertilizer as base fertilizer),N5(240kg/hm~2,50%as base fertilizer,50%at jointing)a total of 5 treatment.The main results were as follows:(1)The spike rate of two cultivars increased first and then decreased with the increase of nitrogen application rate.When the nitrogen topdressing conduected in the joining stage,rational nitrogen application could improve the wheat population the wheat population structure,increase effective panicle number and the percentage of productive tillers.N3treatment with the highest heading rate.The change trend of leaf area coefficient under different fertilization treatments was the same,all of which increased first and then decreased.N3(2)The number of panicles and grain number is positively correlated with the yield.In the case of the 1000-grain weight,yield showed a rising trend with the increase of the number of panicles and grain number.For the wheat Xiaoyan22,N3?N5 treatment,the yield was significantly higher than that of basal treatment,higher than N2 treatment 17.5%,higher than N4 treatment 24.37%,and significant difference.For the wheat Xinong20,the yield of all treatments is significantly higher than the control,but the fertilizer effect was not significant.Increasing nitrogen fertilizer can improve the quality of Wheat,which showed the increase of protein and gluten content and sedimentation value.It was better to apply nitrogen fertilizer during the jointing period.N5 treatment the content of wheat protein and gluten of the two varieties reached a maximum respectively.(3)The nitrogen absorption efficiency of the two varieties wheat was not consistent.For the wheat Xiaoyan 22,the nitrogen absorption efficiency increased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer.In the case of the total basal application,The wheat Xinong 20 showed positive correlation and increased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer.N showed negative correlation and decreased with the increase of N.Jointing stage topdressing could improve the efficiency of two varieties of nitrogen absorption.The two different varieties of nitrogen agricultural utilization ratio and nitrogen partial productivity were the same:decrease with the increase of nitrogen application.the treatment N3 goes down to the maximum of the nitrogen agricultural utilization ratio and nitrogen partial productivity for jointing stage topdressing.In summary,under the conditions of this test,the optimal nitrogen fertilization method for Xiaoyan 22 is 180kg/hm~2 of nitrogen fertilizer,and the stage is 5:5.The strong gluten wheat,Xinong 20,can increase the amount of nitrogen to 240 kg/hm~2,and 50%the extraction period can ensure the yield and the high quality.