| In order to improve the safety and quality of fresh strawberries,reduce the pollution of pesticide residues and ensure the safety of food for consumers,in view of the problems existing in the current production of facilities strawberry,this study uses biopesticide application technology as a breakthrough point and takes facilities greenhouse of Zhaixi Village in Yangling District as a experimentally,screening out high-efficiency biological pesticides for preventing and treating major diseases and insect pests in facility strawberry.,Based on this,a preliminary plan for the complete biological control of major diseases and pests in facilities of strawberry was developed.Through research,the main results obtained are as follows:1.The main pathogenic bacteria of red stele root rot of strawberry were separated from by tissue isolation method,and were identified as Fusarium solani and Fusarium oxysporum by morphology and molecular biology methods.2.Using mycelium growth rate method,toxicity measurement of different biogenic fungicides on Fusarium pathogen was tested.The results were as follows: Antimicrobial effect of 1.5% matrine·osthole AS on F.oxysporum was most effective,the EC50 value was 2.731 ?g/mL,follow by 0.4% osthol SL,0.3% matrine EC,0.5% berberine AS;0.3% matrine EC has strong inhibited effect to F.solani,the EC50 value was 4.469 ?g/mL,follow by 1.5% matrine·osthole AS,0.4% osthol SL,0.5% berberine AS.Three kinds of plant source fungicides and microbial fungicides(Bacillus subtilis,Paenibacillus polymyxa,Trichoderma harzianum)with good indoor virulence effect were chosen respectively as the field test agent for controlling strawberry root rot.The results showed that the control effect of 1:600 dilutions of 100 billion spores/gram of B.subtilis WP was the best in the field,and the control effect was 69.25%;the control effect of 1:800 tilutions of One billion spores / gram Bacillus mucilaginosus WP,1:700 tilutions of 1.5% matrine·osthole AS and 1:200 tilutions of 200 million spores /gram Harmakia harzianum also were relatively good,the control effect was respectively 63.14 %,62.84% and 59.74%.3.Four biogenic fungicides were selected as field test agents for strawberry powdery mildew,the results of field control of powdery mildew showed that 1:800 dilutions of 1.5% matrine osthole AS,1:400 dilutions of 100 billion spores/gram of B.subtilis WP and 1:200 dilutions of 0.4% oestriol SL all showed significant antimicrobial effect,and the control efficacy in the field was 84.2%,80.50%,and 79.73% respectively.4.The virulence effects of two plant-derived insecticides on Tetranychus carnivorous was determined using Slide-dip method,the results were as follows: the best insecticide for the virulence effect of Tetranychus carnivorous was 0.5% veratrine SL,the LC50 value was 15.347 ?g/mL,followed by 0.3% matrine AS and the LC50 value was 105.931 ?g/mL.0.5% veratrine SL was selected as field test agents for Tetranychus carnivorous.The results of field control of Tetranychus carnivorous showed that the control efficacy in the field for Tetranychus carnivorous of 1:200 dilutions of 0.5% veratrine SL was 55.65% after 7 d.5.The virulence effects of two plant-derived insecticides on Myzus persicae Sulzer was determined using insect dipping and leaf dipping method.The results were as follows: the best insecticide for the virulence effect of Myzus persicae Sulzer of strawberry was 0.3% matrine AS,the LC50 value was 3.523 ?g/mL,and followed by 0.5% veratrine SL,the LC50 value was 5.129?g/mL.The results of field control to Myzus persicae Sulzer of strawberry showed that the control effect of 300 times liquid of 0.5% veratrine SL and 300 times liquid of 0.3% matrine AS on Myzus persicae Sulzer is relatively better,and control effect were 76.70% and 70.64% after 7 d. |
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