Effect Of Fertilizer Density Interaction On Growing Development And Yield Formation Of Spring Maize In Different Ecological Regions

At present,low planting density and excessive fertilization of maize in many areas of Liaoning Province are not conducive to the increase of yield and pollute the environment at the same time.In this experiment,the split zone method was used in three different ecological regions of Liaoning Province,the southern Liaoning Province(Haicheng),the west Liaoning Province(Heishan),the northern Liaoning Province(Tieling),the compact maize variety Zhengdan 958 and the semi-compact variety Liangyu 99 were selected as the experimental materials.Four density treatments and three fertilization levels were set up.The effects of fertilizer density interaction on the yield formation of spring maize in different ecological regions of Liaoning Province were studied by measuring the morphological,photosynthetic,yield and quality indexes of different treatments at different growth stages of maize.It provides a theoretical basis for tapping the potential of increasing yield of spring corn and rational utilization of fertilizer in Liaoning Province.The results show that:1.The panicle length and grain number decreased with the increase of density in the three ecological regions.The length of alopecia in southern and northern Liaoning increased with the increase of density.The yield of Zhengdan 958 was the highest value 16269kg/ hm under the condition of 67500 plants / hm,Liangyu 99 was the highest value of 14213.85 kg / hm under the condition of reducing fertilizer 20 and 52500 plants / hm in the south of Liaoning province.The yield of Zhengdan 958 in western Liaoning was 1336 under the condition of reducing fertilizer application 20% and 67500 plants / hm.The yield of 6.65kg/ hm,Liangyu 99 was 12629.4 kg / hm under the condition of 67500 plants / hm,10 kg / hm of reducing fertilizer,75000 plants / hm of 75000 plants / hm,and 10 kg / hm of reducing fertilizer on Zhengdan 958 in northern Liaoning.The yield of Liangyu 99 was the highest value of 12239.1kg/hm under the condition of 20% fertilization and 75000 plants / hm.The average yield of Zhengdan 958 in southern Liaoning.western Liaoning and northern Liaoning is normal fertilizer,reduced by 10 %,respectively.The average yield of Liangyu 99 was the highest in reduced by 10 % and reduced by 10 % treatments in southern and western Liaoning and the highest in reduced by 20 % treatment in northern Liaoning.The results showed that the optimal fertilization rate was different in different ecological areas,but the high fertilization rate was not conducive to the formation of yield.2.The leaf area index of Zhengdan 958 and Liangyu 99 were basically the same with the development period,both of them kept high value at flowering stage and early filling stage,and the green retention was better in the later stage of growth.Increasing planting density can increase photosynthesis area and leaf area index of two varieties,and increase chlorophyll content,to increase photosynthetic performance of maize,such as net photosynthetic rate,and increase yield.However,the competition between individuals with high density is intensified,and the group advantage can not play a role,which is not conducive to increasing production.The leaf area index and chlorophyll content of the two cultivars were increased by reducing the fertilization amount properly,and the high value duration of the two cultivars was prolonged,the photosynthetic rate was increased,and the yield was increased to a certain extent.3.The height of plants of Liangyu was higher than that of Zhengdan 958 under various fertilizer density treatments.Under the condition of constant fertilization,the ear height of Liangyu 99 was generally higher than that of Zhengdan 958 under various density treatments.The plant height and ear height of the two varieties increased with the decrease of fertilization,but the increase was not obvious.The stem diameter of the two varieties decreased with the increase of density,and the plant stem became thinner and the stem strength decreased.Under the same density treatment,the fertilization amount decreased,and the lodging rate of each ecological region decreased,which indicated that fertilization reduction measures reduced the lodging rate to a certain extent.The lodging rate of Liang Yu 99 in the three test sites is almost zero,Liang Yu 99 have good lodging resistance in the three ecological regions of Liaoning Province.4.The average grain protein content of two maize varieties in three ecological regions was northern Liaoning > southern Liaoning > western Liaoning;starch content was western Liaoning > southern Liaoning > northern Liaoning;fat content was northern Liaoning > western Liaoning > southern Liaoning.Density had no significant effect on the quality of two maize varieties.