Study On Kernel Dehydration Rate And Correlative Traits Of Suitable Mechanical Grain Harvest Maize Varieties

Maize mechanical grain harvest is the development direction of maize production,and it is also the technology that need to be improved in Chinese maize production.The mechanical grain harvest popularity in our country is low,due to backward production conditions and variety constraints,our country has been extensively promoting high-yield,rare,and large species in recent years,although the yield is guaranteed,it is not suitable for mechanical grain harvest,which leads to the low level of mechanized production development.In this experiment,five representative maize varieties were selected in northeast China,Huamei 1,Dika516,Dongdan 6531,Xianyu 335,Liaodan 588 respectively,the characteristics and changes of kernel moisture content,dehydration rate,grain filling rate and other related traits were studied,the correlation between the characters was analyzed,and the differences between the cultivars and other varieties were obtained,provide reference for future breeding direction.The following conclusions are drawn from this study:1.The variance analysis showed that there was no significant difference between kernel dehydration rate,moisture content,grain filling rate,ear characters and kernel traits in the interannual period,and there were significant differences among cultivars.2.According to the analysis of the kernel dehydration rate and moisture content,the Huamei 1 has the fastest kernel dehydration rate,and the lowest kernel moisture content.Other varieties can achieve the requirements of mechanical grain harvest by extending the harvest time to get lower kernel moisture content at the time of harvest.3.Comparing the grain filling rate and 100-grain weight of each variety,the grain filling rate of Liaodan 588 was faster than the other four varieties,the 100-grain weight was the highest of the five varieties.4.The results of ear characters showed that the husk and cob moisture content was decreasin,the overall fluctuation of the dehydration rate was increased;different varieties of each has its characteristics of ear character.5.The pericarp thickness of each variety is thinning with the extension of the growing period;according to the analysis of pericarp thickness and kernel dehydration rate,it was found that the thinner the pericarp was,the faster the seed dehydration rate;the dehydration rate of varieties with high kernel starch content is faster than those with high fat content.6.The correlation analysis showed that the husk moisture content,the pericarp thickness and the impurity in the mechanical grain harvest were negatively correlated with the kernel dehydration rate,the kernel fat content and the crushing rate of mechanical grain harvest were significantly negatively correlated with the kernel dehydration rate,the kernel starch content was positively correlated with the kernel dehydration rate.In the process of breeding,we can choose the above characters to cultivate the new varieties of mechanical grain harvest.