Effect Of Biochar And Biochar-based Fertilizer On Bacterial Diversity And Peanut Yield

This study aimed to investigate the effect of applying biochar and carbon-based fertilizers on soil chemical properties,enzyme activity,yield,microbial diversity of peanut rhizosphere soil,and the distribution of peanut root growth.To provide the basic theoretical for the application of biochar and biochar-based fertilizers for peanut production.The positioning test began in 2011 with five treatments: : no fertilization,low-amount biochar,high-amount biochar,chemical fertilizer,biochar-based fertilizer.The changes in various indicators of peanuts during the growth period were studied and analyzed.The main results were:1.High-amount biochar has a significant effect on soil pH elevation.Both biochar-based fertilizer and high-amount biochar can significantly increase the content of soil available phosphorus.Both biochar-based fertilizer and biochar can significantly increase the content of soil available potassium.Under the conditions of equal carbon and other nutrients,biochar-based fertilizer has the most significant improvement effect on soil available phosphorus and available potassium.Both biochar-based fertilizer biochar and chemical fertilizer can significantly increase the content of alkaline dissolved nitrogen in soil.Both fertilization can significantly increase peanut yield,and biochar-based fertilizer has the most significant increase in yield.2.Both biochar-based fertilizer and biochar can significantly increase the soil urease activity during the peanut growth period,especially in flowering,podning and maturing stages,followed by biochar treatment.High levels of biochar can significantly increase soil catalase activity,and biochar-based fertilizer can significantly increase soil catalase activity during the pinning and podging stages of peanut flowering.biochar-based fertilizer and biochars can significantly increase the activity of soil proteases.Under carbon and other nutrient conditions,biochar-based fertilizer have the best effect.Soil nutrients,urease,protease and yield are closely related.3.At the flowering stage and maturity stage,biochar-based fertilizer can significantly increase the bacterial richness,and the biocarbon treatment in the mature stage has the largest bacterial diversity.Fertilization can reduce the relative abundance of Proteobacteria during the late growth period of peanuts.Biochar and biochar-based fertilizer can increase Acidobacteria content.The application of biochar and biochar-based fertilizer can reduce the relative abundance of Actinobacteria.Fertilization can reduce the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes in the peanut growth period.high-amount biochar,chemical,and biochar-based fertilizer can increase the relative content of Chloroflexi in the soil during the flowering stage and the maturing stage,and biochar-based fertilizer has the best effect in the mature stage.Fertilization could increase the relative abundance of soil Planctomycetes during the whole growth period of peanut,and the effect of biochar-based fertilizer treatment was the most significant at the flowering,podging and maturing stages.4.Biochar-based fertilizer had the greatest reduction in the abundances of norank_oSubgroup₆,norank_fNitrosomonadaceae,norank_fRB41,Arthrobacter,norank_oSubgroup₆,Novosphingobium,and Ramlibacter before sowing.Biochar-based fertilizer had the greatest increase in abundance of norank_fAcidobacteriaceae_Subgroup₁,norank_oSC-I-84,Rhizomicrobium,norank_fAcidobacteriaceae_Subgroup₁,Burkholderia,and mature Gemmatimonas before seeding.