Effect Of Continuous Application Of Amendment On Soil Physical Property And Yield Of Peanut In Continuous Cropping System

Based on the national peanut industrial technology system soil and fertilizer long-term location experimental base by Shenyang Agricultural Uinversity in 2011,by collecting soil and plant samples collected during harvest in 2016,analysis of physical properties,aggregate composition,carbon and nitrogen distribution in aggregates,enzyme activity and crop yield.The changes of soil physical properties and aggregate composition were studied under the conditions of continuous use of different remodifiers and continuous cropping and rotation mode for many years.To provide theoretical basis for overcoming continuous cropping obstacles,improving crop yield and improving soil environment.The test results show that:(1)Soil bulk density increases with the depth of soil layer,the change trend of soil bulk density in two soil layer is consistent,soil bulk density can be reduced by means of maize peanut rotation and chemical improver,a negative correlation between soil porosity and soil bulk density,the porosity of the 0-20 cm soil layer is greater than that of the 20-40 cm soil layer,soil porosity can be increased by corn-peanut rotation and chemical improver,the change trend of field water holding capacity of two soil layer in peanut soil is consistent,the water holding capacity of the soil can be improved by using the modifier and taking the corn-peanut rotation,the M-PR processing has the maximum increase.(2)The effect of maize peanut rotation and the application of different modifiers on the distribution of 0-20 cm soil aggregates in peanut soil was greater than that of 20-40 cm,in the 0-20 cm soil layer,compared with PC treatment,M-PR treatment significantly increased the content of >1 mm,1-0.5 mm,0.5-0.25 mm and 0.25-0.053 mm aggregates,the increase was 59.02%,105.85%,32.39%,22.24%,respectively,the content of 0.5-0.25 mm and 0.25-0.053 mm aggregates was significantly increased by PCCA treatment,the increase was 30.51% and 15.83%,respectively,PCBA treatment significantly increased the content of soil aggregates in 1-0.5 mm and 0.25-0.053 mm,and the increase was 28% and 18.79%,respectively,compared with the MC treatment,M-PR significantly increased the content of 1-0.25 mm particle size aggregates;In the 20-40 cm soil layer,the content of large aggregates was significantly increased by PCCA and PCBA treatment,and the content of clay particles was reduced,from the general trend,the application of the modifier increased the content of 1-0.053 mm aggregates,reduce the content of sticky particles and centralization of aggregates to intermediate particles,increased soil aggregate content and improvement of soil stability in peanut continuous cropping.(3)The contents of organic carbon and total nitrogen in aggregates decreased with increasing soil depth,the contents of SOC and TN in aggregates were the highest,and decreased with the decrease of aggregate size,in the 0-20 cm soil layer,M-PR,PCCA and PCBA treatments significantly increased the SOC content of soil aggregates,and PCCA treatment SOC content increased the most,the increase in the size of the aggregate size was 79.26%,57.41%,99.63%,55.39% and 49.94% in turn;Compared with the MC treatment,the content of SOC and TN at each grain level increased significantly in the M-PR treatment,PCCA and PCBA treatments significantly increased the TN content of each grained aggregate,the total amount of TN is the highest in PCCA processing.20-40 cm soil layer,the overall change trend is consistent with the upper soil layer,for peanut continuous cropping soil,application of chemical modifiers and biological amendments can improve the content of organic carbon and total nitrogen of 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm soil aggregates,the corn peanut rotation and the application of the modifier all increased the distribution ratio of >0.053 mm grain grade carbon and nitrogen,increasing carbon and nitrogen fixation capacity of soil aggregates and enhancing soil carbon and nitrogen content and the effect of chemical improver is better than that of biological improver.(4)The application of the modifier can increase the enzyme activity of the urease,acid phosphatase and acid invertase in the soil aggregates,the increase of the biological improver is no more obvious than the chemical improver and it has a great influence on the 0-20 cm soil layer and presents a certain regularity,PCCA treatment significantly improved the enzyme activity of each grain level S-UE,the increase in grain size was 33%,16%,15%,16% and 45% in order;The growth rate of S-ACP was 9.63%,53.33%,36.47%,33.55% and 29.56% in order of grain size.The growth rate of S-AI was 21.71%,68.55%,48.85%,36.81% and 26%,respectively.The treatment of corn-peanut rotation has an effect on the activity of soil enzyme,but the distribution of maize roots changed the physical structure of soil,so the changes in the activity of the aggregate enzyme were not stable.(5)Corn-peanut rotation could increase corn yield significantly,with a increase of 26.81%,and the height of maize plant and the CCI value of chlorophyll were increased,compared with PC,PCCA,PCBA treatment could increase the yield of peanut increased,1028.98 kg/ha,451.28 kg/ha respectively,the value of plant height and chlorophyll CCI in PCBA treatment was higher than that of PCCA,which was higher than that of PC.In conclusion,corn-peanut rotation,application of chemical modifiers and biological modifiers increase the yield of peanut and corn and improving the physical structure of soil,increase the content of SOC and TN in soil and increase the enzyme activity of soil aggregate,acid phosphatase and acid invertase,to promote the absorption of nutrients to the root system,so as to increase the effect of yield,the effect of chemical improver was better than that of the application of biological improver.