| Cucumis melo L.is one of the most important cash crops in China.It has very high nutritional and economic value.With the global water crisis and the intensification of soil salinization,farming area is shrinking.In order not to compete with grain,fruit and vegetable cultivation must open up new planting areas,such as areas with serious continuous cropping obstacles.However,the increase of harmful bacteria and low nutrients in the soil with continuous cropping obstacles had become important factors affecting the growth of muskmelon and reducing the yield of muskmelon.Therefore,continuous cropping obstacle has become the main limiting factor in agricultural production,how to improve continuous cropping obstacle and improve utilization is one of the major agricultural problems that need to be solved urgently.In this study,melon(Yongtian No.5)was used as material,and six treatments were designed,including CK1(no stuffy shed),CK2(no stuffy shed but no other substances),T1(only lime nitrogen),T2(only organic fertilizer),T3(organic fertilizer + lime nitrogen)and T4(ammonium carbonate + quicklime),to explore the effects of different fillers on soil temperature and soil temperature in stuffy studio protection,the physical and chemical properties,melon growth and quality.The main findings are as follows:1.Under different treatments,the soil temperature rises faster with T3,and reaches above 45 ? on the third day in the closed shed,lasting 12 days,and over 50? for 7 days.2.Different treatments have different effects on soil physical and chemical properties,among which,different high-temperature closed-shed treatments can enhance soil pH value to a certain extent.The pH values of T1,T2,T3 and T4 treatments are 5.5,5.7,5.8 and 5.7 respectively.Among them,organic fertilizer + lime nitrogen treatments have the most obvious effect,which was 11.54%higher than it in CK1.There was no significant change in soil EC value at all treatments.The contents of NH4-N and NO3-N in soil were significantly increased by T1,T2,T3 and T4 treatments,and the effects of organic fertilizer and organic fertilizer plus lime nitrogen were better,7.1mg/kg and 0.72mg/kg respectively.Compared with CK1,CK2,T1,T2,T3,and T4 treatments were more increased by 1.79%,10.71%,12.50%,16.07%and 12.50%respectively.In addition,the contents of available K and organic matter in T3 treated soil were the highest,reaching 142.5mg/kg and 12.2g/kg.3.The numbers of Fusarium oxysporum in CK1,CK2,T1,T2,T 3 and T4 treatments were 2.18×108,1.04×108,2.30×107,1.02×108,1.50×107 and 2.70×107 copies/g,respectively.The number of Fusarium oxysporum in T 3 was 34.78%and 44.44%lower than that in T1 and T4 treatments.4.T3 treatment could significantly reduce the morbidity of melon,the morbidity was only 20%;The results of investigation on melon powdery mildew showed that CK1 had the highest disease index(47.79%),followed by CK2 and T1(42.23%and 43.89%respectively),and there was no significant difference among them.The disease index of melon treated with lime nitrogen + organic fertilizer + irrigation(T3)was the lowest,27.42%,which is significantly lower than CK1,CK2,T1 and T4.By calculating the control rate of melon powdery mildew,it can be seen that the control efficiency of each treatment has been improved compared with CK1,the increase range is 11.63%-42.62,among which T3 treatment has the highest control rate.5.Stuffy studio protection could significantly increase the stem length of melon,but stem diameter and chlorophyll content were not significant compared with CK1 and CK2;the effect of each treatment on the yield of melon was significant,and the yield of T3 treatment was 25.18 kg,3.4 times that of CK1.The effects of different treatments on the quality of melon were also significant,mainly in that the soluble solids and soluble sugar were the highest in T3 treatment,the content of VC was the lowest in T4 treatment,and there was no significant difference among other treatments.In summary,it can be concluded that high temperature closed shed can significantly promote the yield and quality of melon,and it can also promote the improvement of soil nutrient structure,inhibit the number of pathogenic bacteria,prevent and control melon fusarium wilt and powdery mildew,etc.,and the application of organic fertilizer(7500 kg hm-2)+ lime nitrogen(750 kg hm-2)+ irrigation place had the best effect on the continuous cropping obstacle restoration.Thus,it should be widely promoted in agricultural production. |
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