| Rapeseed is an important oil crop in China,in order to promote the growth of main root system and prevent lodging,increase crop yield and solve the practical problem of shallow surface layer of seed bed in mechanized joint operation.the technical scheme of combined seedbed with shallow pine and rotary tillage was put forward.In order to solve the above mentioned problems,based on vertical tillage,this paper explores the rational cultivation of the seedbed.Combined with the agronomic requirements of rapeseed cultivation,the application of subsoiling-rotary tillage combined operation technology,a seed-spinning device was designed for rapeseed and used in the combined with direct seeding machine.the main research conclusions are as following:1)The design and analysis of seedbed rotating and subsoiling device for rapeseed combined planter were carried out,the technical scheme of combined seedbed with shallow pine and rotary tillage was put forward,the principle of good cutting characteristics when the shovel cutting edge curve is a smooth parabola,kinematics and dynamics analysis of subsoiling fertilizer shovel were established,the main structural parameters of cutting edge curve were determined as the upper sliding cutting angle was23°,the lower sliding cutting angle was 40°,cutting edge angle was 40° and the entry angle was 23°.According to the working requirements of seedbed strip,the outline dimensions of subsoiling fertilizer shovel were determined;To ensure the stability of machine,according to the spatial position,the layout of the subsoiling fertilizer shovel was divided into one-line layout and four in the front and two in the back layout.The comparative experiment of the layouts of the subsoiling fertilizer shovel was carried out.The testing results were as follows:When the subsoiling fertilizer shovel were arranged in the form of “Four in the front and two in the back”,the machine had a good passability in this soil environment,the subsoiling-rotary tillage combined operation had stable working performance.2)Design and analysis of rotating device for rapeseed combined planter was carried out.The analysis of kinematics and dynamics of rotary tillage blade were established,the analysis showed the trajectory of the equation of motion,the main structural parameters of cutting edge curve were determined as the working speed was0.6-0.8 m/s,the tillage depth and rotate speed of rotary blade was 80~120 mm and280r/min.In order to ensure the tillage depth and width and the tillage quality of the seedbed,IT245 rotary blade was used for cutting the the area of seedbed strip on the area used to grow the crop,while IT225 was for cutting the area of non-seedbed strip,the left and right blades were arranged in a symmetric arrangement according to the double helix,the number of blades are both 22,each of the seedbed strip contained one cutting area,two IT245 rotary blade were arranged in every cutting area,the rest rotary blade were IT225.3)Based on EDEM simulation technology,the design and research of the optimal parameter and optimal layout method of subsoiling fertilizer shovel were carried out.The EDEM discrete element simulation model for the operation of subsoiling fertilizer shovel in soil was established,the sliding cutting angle of cutting edge curve of subsoiling fertilizer shovel was researched,the characteristics test were carried out.The results were as follows: the traction resistance was the minimum when the upper sliding cutting angle was 23°,the lower sliding cutting angle is 40°.Comparative experiment between subsoiling fertilizer shovel and circular arc subsoiling shovel was carried out,the average value of the section width and the roughness of surface line after working with subsoiling fertilizer shovel were better than the circular arc subsoiling shovel.Comparative test between two layout methods of subsoiling fertilizer shovel was carried out,the testing results were as follows as the subsoiling tillage operation had better working performance when the subsoiling fertilizer shovel were arranged in the form of “Four in the front and two in the back”.Based on EDEM simulation technology,the simulated fertilization experiment of the subsoiling fertilizer shovel was carried out,the physical and mechanical parameters of compound fertilizer were tested.The EDEM discrete element simulation model of compound fertilizer was established,based on actual field operations,the optimal structural parameters were determined as the working speed was 0.8 m/s,the tillage depth and rotate speed of ratio fertilizer apparatus was 220 mm and 60r/min.The results were as follows that the simulated fertilization experiment of the subsoiling fertilizer shovel was successfully completed.4)The experiments of seedbed rotating and subsoiling device for rapeseed combined planter were carried out.the physical and mechanical parameters of soil were tested,the factors affecting the operation quality of seedbed rotating and subsoiling device for rapeseed combined planter were analyzed.The research results were as follows:(1)When the soil moisture and soil compactness was 20.11%? 26.54% and473? 1546 kPa in rice straw field,The subsoiling tillage depth was 229.4~239.4mm,the rotary tillage depth was 124.8~139.2mm,the subsoiling and rotary tillage stability coefficients were both more than 90%,the seedbed roughness was 25.71~27.14 mm,the seedbed rotating and subsoiling device for rapeseed combined planter had good working performance,the seedbed strip and seedbed were in good quality.The working quality of seedbed rotating and subsoiling device for rapeseed combined planter met the requirements of rapeseed sowing agronomic.(2)The power consumption measurement test of the machine was carried out,the testing results were as follows:the average traction power consumption was 6.46kW,the average rotary tillage power consumption was 24.28kW,Total power consumption was 30.74kW. |
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