Study On The Application Of Several Environmental Friendly Additives In Feed Of Sparus Latus

The effect of dietary administration of four kinds of additives?crushed Enteromorpha,fermentation of Enteromorpha,Chinese herbal medicine and combined additives?on growth performance,muscle composition,activities of digestive enzymes and immune function of Sparus latus were investigated in this study.The results were as follows:?1?Effects of crushed Enteromorpha on growth performance,muscle composition,activities of digestive enzymes and immune function of Sparus latus.Six diets were formulated to contain graded level of crushed Enteromorpha?0%,1%,2%,3%,4%,5%?and respectively to feed Sparus latus for 28d.The results showed that compared with the control group,the 3%group could significantly increased the weight gain rate and the specific growth rate?P<0.05?.3%⁵%group could significantly reduce the muscle fat content and improve the muscle protein content?P<0.05?.3%group could significantly increase the activities of intestinal lipase and trypsin?P<0.05?.The activity of serum superoxide dismutase?SOD?and catalase?CAT?were significantly increased in the 3%group.In conclusion,under this experimental conditions,the optimum concentration of crusted Enteromorpha was 3%.?2?Effects of fermented Enteromorpha on growth performance,muscle composition,activities of digestive enzymes and immune function of Sparus latusSix diets adding respectively 0%,1%,2%,3%,4%and 5%fermented Enteromorpha were given to feed the Sparus latus for 28d.The results showed that compared with the control group,4%group could significantly increased the weight gain rate and specific growth rate?P<0.05?,4%group could significantly reduced the feed conversion rate?P<0.05?.3%group could significantly increase the activity of intestinal amylase?P<0.05?,the activities of lipase and trypsin were significantly increased in 4%group?P<0.01?.The activities of serum superoxide dismutase?SOD?,catalase?CAT?and lysozyme?LZM?were significantly increased in 4%group?P<0.05?.In conclusion,under this experimental conditions,the optimum concentration of fermented Enteromorpha was 4%.?3?Effects of Chinese herbal medicine on growth performance,muscle composition,activities of digestive enzymes and immune function of Sparus latusSix diets adding respectively 0%,0.2%,0.4%,0.6%,0.8%and 1.0%Chinese herbal medicine were given to feed the Sparus latus for 28d.The results showed that compared with the control group,the 0.8%group could significantly increased the weight gain rate and the specific growth rate?P<0.05?,0.8%group could significantly reduce the feed conversion rate?P<0.05?.0.8%and 1.0%groups could significantly reduced muscle fat content?P<0.05?.0.8%group could significantly improve the activities of intestinal lipase and protease?P<0.05?.The activities of SOD,CAT and LZM were significantly increased in 0.8%group?P<0.01?.0.8%group could significantly improve AKP activity?P<0.05?.In conclusion,under this experimental conditions,the optimum concentration of Chinese herbal medicine was 4%.?4?Effects of combined additives on growth performance,muscle composition,activities of digestive enzymes and immune function of Sparus latusUsing the orthogonal test design L₉?3⁴?,nine practical diets containing different crushed Enteromorpha?2%,3%,4%?,fermented Enteromorpha?3%,4%,5%?,Chinese herbal medicine?0.4%,0.6%,0.8%?with a control group were given to feed the Sparus latus for 28d.The results showed that compared with the control group,The D5 group could significantly increase the weight gain rate and the specific growth rate and reach the maximum value of each group?P<0.05?,D5 group could significantly reduce the feed coefficient and reached the minimum value of each group?P<0.05?.D7 group can significantly reduce the crude fat and muscle coarse ash content and reached the minimum?P<0.05?,D7 group could significantly improve the muscle protein content and reached the maximum?P<0.05?,D7 group could significantly increase the activity of amylase and reached the maximum?P<0.05?,D5 group could significantly increase the activity of lipase and trypsin and reached the maximum?P<0.05?.D5group could significantly increased the activities of SOD,CAT and LZM?P<0.01?.D5 group could significantly improve the activity of AKP?P<0.05?.In summary,under the test conditions,D5 group was the best combination.